Centos 7x64 - 使用 Nginx 和 Unicorn 部署 Rails

Question

我已按照本教程 How to deploy rails apps using unicorn and nginx on CentOS 6.5 在 Centos 7x64 中进行部署。

我第一次成功访问http://[my-ip]:8080/tasks，但现在在重复多次练习后，我只在浏览器中看到“无法访问”。但我可以在http://[my-ip] 中看到 Nginx 起始页。

问题：

1. 我做错了什么？
2. 考虑到我想在同一个 Droplet 中存储多个 Rails 应用程序，这些设置是否可行？
3. 在其他 Nginx 教程中，在 nginx 文件夹中，我看到了一个名为“启用站点”的文件夹，但在我的配置中它不是。这有多重要？

这些是我的 CentOS 设置：

常规设置

echo "export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8" >> /etc/profile
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
yum -y update
yum groupinstall -y 'development tools'
rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm
yum repolist
yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="epel" list available
yum --enablerepo=epel info htop
yum --enablerepo=epel install -y htop  
yum install -y curl-devel nano sqlite-devel libyaml-devel   

安装 Ruby 和 RoR

sudo yum install -y ruby
sudo yum install -y gcc g++ make automake autoconf curl-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel httpd-devel apr-devel apr-util-devel sqlite-devel
sudo yum install -y ruby-rdoc ruby-devel
sudo yum install -y rubygems
sudo gem update
sudo gem update --system
sudo gem install rails --no-rdoc --no-ri  

安装独角兽

gem install unicorn

安装 Nginx

sudo yum install -y nginx
ifconfig eth0 | grep inet | awk '{ print $2 }'

安装 NodeJS

sudo yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ 
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.10.36/node-v0.10.36.tar.gz  
tar xzvf node-v* && cd node-v*   
./configure  
make  
sudo make install  
node --version

生成 Rails 应用程序

# Create a sample Rails application
cd  /var
mkdir www
cd www
rails new my_app

# Enter the application directory
cd my_app

# Create a sample resource
rails generate scaffold Task title:string note:text

# Create a sample database
RAILS_ENV=development rake db:migrate
RAILS_ENV=production  rake db:migrate

# Create a directory to hold the PID files
mkdir pids   

这些是我的配置文件：

my_app/config/unicorn.rb

# Set the working application directory
# working_directory "/path/to/your/app"
working_directory "/var/www/my_app"

# Unicorn PID file location
# pid "/path/to/pids/unicorn.pid"
pid "/var/www/my_app/pids/unicorn.pid"

# Path to logs
# stderr_path "/path/to/log/unicorn.log"
# stdout_path "/path/to/log/unicorn.log"
stderr_path "/var/www/my_app/log/unicorn.log"
stdout_path "/var/www/my_app/log/unicorn.log"

# Unicorn socket
listen "/tmp/unicorn.[app name].sock"
listen "/tmp/unicorn.myapp.sock"

# Number of processes
# worker_processes 4
worker_processes 2

# Time-out
timeout 30  

/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

upstream app {
    # Path to Unicorn SOCK file, as defined previously
    server unix:/tmp/unicorn.myapp.sock fail_timeout=0;
}

server {


    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;

    # Application root, as defined previously
    root /root/my_app/public;

    try_files $uri/index.html $uri @app;

    location @app {
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_pass http://app;
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /500.html;
    client_max_body_size 4G;
    keepalive_timeout 10;
}  

在 my_app 中运行

unicorn_rails -c config/unicorn.rb -D

启动 nginx

systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl status nginx.service 



nginx.service - The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2015-01-29 13:37:08 EST; 1min 57s ago
  Process: 642 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 604 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 650 (nginx)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
           ├─650 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
           └─654 nginx: worker process

demo nginx[604]: nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
demo nginx[604]: nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
demo systemd[1]: Failed to read PID from file /run/nginx.pid: Invalid argument
demo systemd[1]: Started The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server.
demo systemd[1]: Started The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server.

日志

日志/unicorn.log

I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.886225 #11502]  INFO -- : listening on addr=/tmp/unicorn.[app name].sock fd=10
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.886616 #11502]  INFO -- : listening on addr=/tmp/unicorn.myapp.sock fd=11
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.886891 #11502]  INFO -- : worker=0 spawning...
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.887657 #11502]  INFO -- : worker=1 spawning...
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.888673 #11505]  INFO -- : worker=0 spawned pid=11505
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.889029 #11505]  INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.891061 #11502]  INFO -- : master process ready
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.918331 #11508]  INFO -- : worker=1 spawned pid=11508
I, [2015-01-29T14:45:58.918732 #11508]  INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list
I, [2015-01-29T14:46:03.608903 #11508]  INFO -- : worker=1 ready
I, [2015-01-29T14:46:03.609694 #11505]  INFO -- : worker=0 ready

config/production.log

D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.225698 #1864] DEBUG -- :    (3.6ms)  CREATE TABLE "schema_migrations" ("version" varchar NOT NULL)
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.226055 #1864] DEBUG -- :    (0.1ms)  select sqlite_version(*)
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.229402 #1864] DEBUG -- :    (2.8ms)  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "unique_schema_migrations" ON "schema_migrations" ("version")
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.230780 #1864] DEBUG -- :   ActiveRecord::SchemaMigration Load (0.1ms)  SELECT "schema_migrations".* FROM "schema_migrations"
I, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.234599 #1864]  INFO -- : Migrating to CreateTasks (20150129032219)
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.235363 #1864] DEBUG -- :    (0.1ms)  begin transaction
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.237769 #1864] DEBUG -- :    (0.5ms)  CREATE TABLE "tasks" ("id" INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL, "title" varchar, "note" text, "created_at" datetime NOT NULL, "updated_at" datetime NOT NULL)
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.245241 #1864] DEBUG -- :   SQL (0.2ms)  INSERT INTO "schema_migrations" ("version") VALUES (?)  [["version", "20150129032219"]]
D, [2015-01-28T22:22:34.248567 #1864] DEBUG -- :    (3.0ms)  commit transaction

/var/log/nginx/error.log

Empty

启动 Rails 日志

[root@demo my_app]# rails s
Warning: Running `gem pristine --all` to regenerate your installed gemspecs (and deleting then reinstalling your bundle if you use bundle --path) will improve the startup performance of Spring.
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 4.2.0 application starting in development on http://localhost:3000
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
[2015-01-29 14:59:12] INFO  WEBrick 1.3.1
[2015-01-29 14:59:12] INFO  ruby 2.0.0 (2013-11-22) [x86_64-linux]
[2015-01-29 14:59:12] INFO  WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=11560 port=3000

Answer 1

在目录轨道中：

 rm -rf public/assets
 rake assets:clean RAILS_ENV=development

最后，请申请以下权限

chown -R nginx:nginx /www/[APLICACCION]/

Answer 2

• 首先，我建议您使用rbenv 或rvm 安装Ruby，即使这与您的问题无关。
• 接下来我注意到，当你启动 nginx 时出现错误：Failed to read PID from file /run/nginx.pid: Invalid argument。也许您的配置没有加载？
• 还请查看 nginx、Rails 和 Unicorn 日志以获取更多信息。我想你会在那里找到更有用的问题描述。根据您的配置，您的 Unicorn 日志文件位于 "/var/www/my_app/log/unicorn.log" 下，Rails 日志文件位于 "/var/www/my_app/log/production.log"。 nginx的日志文件在"/var/log/nginx/"下面的某处，但我不确定。

当您没有发现问题时，请与我们分享您的日志文件。

关于您的问题：

1. 见上文。
2. 我不知道 Droplet 是什么，但您可以同时运行多个 Rails 应用程序。只需创建额外的 nginx 主机。
3. 不，这不是必需的（参见question + answers）。这是管理多个虚拟主机的最佳实践。您还可以将所有主机塞进default.conf 文件中。