执行时出现简单的 WCF 服务错误

Question

这可能是 WCF 中非常基本的问题。我是新手，不知道如何解决这个问题。

我从 Visual Studio 获取了 WCF 服务应用程序模板，下面是我所拥有的代码

**接口：IService1.cs **

using System.ServiceModel;
namespace WcfService1
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IService1
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string GetData(int value);
    }
}

** 服务文件名：Service1.svc **

using System.ServiceModel;
namespace WcfService1
{
    public class Service1 : IService1
    {
        public string GetData(int value)
        {
            return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
        }
    }
}

我已将 web.config 文件编辑为

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehaviour">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="mexBehaviour" name="WcfService1.IService1">
        <endpoint address="Service1" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1"/>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true"/>
  </system.web>
</configuration>

我得到的错误是： 添加服务失败。服务元数据可能无法访问。确保您的服务正在运行并公开元数据。

详细说明：

Error: Cannot obtain Metadata from http://localhost:59790/Service1.svc If this is a Windows (R) Communication Foundation service to which you have access, please check that you have enabled metadata publishing at the specified address.  For help enabling metadata publishing, please refer to the MSDN documentation at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=65455.WS-Metadata Exchange Error    URI: http://localhost:59790/Service1.svc    Metadata contains a reference that cannot be resolved: 'http://localhost:59790/Service1.svc'.    Content Type application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8 was not supported by service http://localhost:59790/Service1.svc.  The client and service bindings may be mismatched.    The remote server returned an error: (415) Unsupported Media Type.HTTP GET Error    URI: http://localhost:59790/Service1.svc    The HTML document does not contain Web service discovery information.

由 Visual Studio 生成的原始 Webconfig 文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
 <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
  </system.webServer>  
</configuration>

我确定这一定是简单的配置文件问题。不知道如何弄清楚。 提前感谢您的帮助。

修改 Web.config 以添加 netTcpBinding 绑定，这会在 WCF testClient 中引发错误：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehaviour">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="mexBehaviour" name="WcfService1.Service1">
        <endpoint address="Service1" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1"/>
        <endpoint address="Service1" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1"/>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080/"/>
            <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:8090/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration><br>------------------------------------------------------------------

项目 2：BasicHttp 和 NetTcp 绑定托管在控制台应用程序中

我有下面的 web.config 文件（刚刚复制了一遍，以便我们一目了然）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="HelloService.HelloService"  behaviorConfiguration="mexBehaviour">
        <endpoint address="HelloService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="HelloService.IHelloService"></endpoint>
        <endpoint address="HelloService" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="HelloService.IHelloService"></endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:59084/"/>
            <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:59076/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehaviour">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

和用于托管的控制台应用程序代码

using System.ServiceModel;

namespace HelloServiceHost
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            using(ServiceHost host  = new ServiceHost(typeof(HelloService.HelloService)))
            {
                host.Open();
                Console.WriteLine("Host Started");
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }
}

错误：我在 host.Open() 方法出现错误，

 HTTP could not register URL http://+:8080/. Your process does not have access rights to this namespace (see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=70353 for details).

• 我尝试了其他端口号，例如 53895，认为端口 8080 可能是 pre 占据。没有运气！！
• 当我浏览这个错误时，我来到 由于我的帐户不是管理员而知道这个问题。现在我的疑问是 WCFTest Client 也在我的帐户下执行。怎么能跑 类似的代码，我不能？
• 另外，任何建议 工作将得到认可。可能与Webconfig有关 再来一次？？

扩展接口的类

using System.ServiceModel;
namespace HelloService
{
    public class HelloService : IHelloService
    {
        public string GetMessage(string Name)
        {
            return "Hello " + Name;
        }
    }
}

界面：

namespace HelloService
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IHelloService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        String GetMessage(String Name);
    }
}

提前致谢！！

Answer 1

有时 system.web 部分下的以下 web.config 行可能会导致您的开发机器出现问题

<identity impersonate="true" />

Answer 2

web.config 中的所有内容看起来都不错，但有一个例外： 下面一行中的“名称”应该是“WcfService1.Service1”而不是“WcfService1.IService1”：

<service behaviorConfiguration="mexBehaviour" name="WcfService1.Service1">

我的网络配置如下，它适用于我：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>    
  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5"/>
  </system.web>  
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehaviour">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="mexBehaviour" name="WcfService1.Service1">
        <endpoint address="Service1" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1"/>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration>