Python 3 + Mysql：不正确的字符串值'\xF0\x9F\x85\x97\xF0\x9F...'

Question

我在堆栈上找到了关于“不正确的字符串值”的其他问题/答案，但没有一个答案有效，所以我的情况可能有所不同。

try:
    self.cnx = mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost', user='emails', password='***',
                                               database='extractor', raise_on_warnings=True)
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
    if err.errno == errorcode.ER_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR:
        print("Something is wrong with your user name or password")
    elif err.errno == errorcode.ER_BAD_DB_ERROR:
        print("Database does not exist")
    else:
        print(err)
self.sql = self.cnx.cursor()

biography = str(row[8])
self.sql.execute("""insert into emails (biography)
                            values(%s)""",
                                         (biography,))

其中biography 是utf8mb4_general_ci TEXT 列：

< Living the ???????????????? ???????????????? > Azofra & Clifford Travel Food Fashion

我明白了：

mysql.connector.errors.DataError: 1366 (22007): Incorrect string value: '\xF0\x9F\x85\x97\xF0\x9F...' for column `extractor`.`emails`.`biography` at row 1

show create table emails的输出：

show create table emails;
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table  | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| emails | CREATE TABLE `emails` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `ufeff_user_id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `username` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `full_name` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `is_private` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL,
  `follower_count` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `following_count` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `media_count` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `biography` text CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT NULL,
  `has_profile_pic` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL,
  `external_url` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `public_email` varchar(320) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL,
  `contact_phone_number` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `address_street` varchar(255) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `is_business` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL,
  `engagement` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `recent_post_date` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `category` varchar(75) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `avg_likes` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `avg_comments` int(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `business_join_date` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `business_count` int(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  `business_ads` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL,
  `country_code` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `emailscol` varchar(45) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
  `city_name` varchar(75) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `email` (`public_email`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=139 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin |
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Answer 1

我假设列emails.biography 是VARCHAR 类型，并且表 emails 的CHARSET 是utf8mb4。如果没有，您需要执行：

 ALTER TABLE `emails` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;

然后，如果这不能解决问题，请尝试在 Python 中创建 MySQL 游标后直接执行以下操作（假设 self.sql 是您的游标）：

 self.sql.execute('SET NAMES utf8mb4;')
 self.sql.execute('SET CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;')
 self.sql.execute('SET character_set_connection=utf8mb4;')

如果这不起作用，请尝试在 Python 中创建 MySQL 连接后立即设置字符集，例如：

 self.connection.set_character_set('utf8mb4')

如果此时您仍然不走运，我们可以进一步调试 :)

更新：

试试：

ALTER TABLE `emails` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8;
ALTER TABLE `emails` CHANGE COLUMN `biography` TEXT CHARACTER SET 'utf8';

请注意，utf8mb4_general_ci 是表的排序规则，而不是编码。理想情况下，您应该使用COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci。