如何从 Chrome 和 Firefox 获取打开页面的 URL？

Question

我正在编写一个系统托盘应用程序，它需要检查基于网络的内部应用程序是否打开。

我可以使用以下方法检查 IE：

SHDocVw.ShellWindows shellWindows = new SHDocVw.ShellWindows();
        string filename;
        bool sdOpen = false;
        foreach (SHDocVw.InternetExplorer ie in shellWindows)
        {
            filename = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(ie.FullName).ToLower();
            if (filename.Equals("iexplore"))
            {
                string[] urlParts = (ie.LocationURL.ToString()).Split('/');
                string website = urlParts[2];
                if (website == "myApp:8080") { sdOpen = true; };
            }
        }

        if (sdOpen) { Console.WriteLine("App is open"); } else { Console.WriteLine("App is not open"); };

        Console.ReadKey(true);

但是，一些使用该系统的用户更喜欢 Chrome 或 Firefox。

如何为 Chrome 和 Firefox 执行上述操作（即获取浏览器中任何打开的标签页的网址）？ （我不会打扰其他浏览器，因为这些是我们组织中唯一使用的浏览器。）

Answer 1

它特定于每个浏览器。这是主要的：

• Internet Explorer - 您可以使用 SHDocVw（就像您一样）
• Firefox - 您可以使用 DDE 获取 URL（来源如下）
• Chrome - 您可以在枚举所有子窗口时获取 URL，直到您使用“Chrome_OmniboxView”类访问控件，然后使用 GetWindowText 获取文本
• Opera - 您可以使用与 Firefox 相同的功能，但使用“opera”
• Safari - 没有已知方法，因为它使用自定义绘制的控件

编辑：自 2014 年以来，Chrome 发生了变化，您需要获取具有可访问性的 URL。

使用 DDE 从 Firefox/Opera 获取 URL 的代码（使用 NDDE - .NET 的唯一良好 DDE 包装器）：

//
// usage: GetBrowserURL("opera") or GetBrowserURL("firefox")
//

private string GetBrowserURL(string browser) {
    try {
        DdeClient dde = new DdeClient(browser, "WWW_GetWindowInfo");
        dde.Connect();
        string url = dde.Request("URL", int.MaxValue);
        string[] text = url.Split(new string[] { "\",\"" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
        dde.Disconnect();
        return text[0].Substring(1);
    } catch {
        return null;
    }
}

Answer 2

使用 UIAutomation - 获取 FireFox 和 Chrome 的网址：

 else if (browser == BrowserType.Chrome)
        {
            //"Chrome_WidgetWin_1"

            Process[] procsChrome = Process.GetProcessesByName("chrome");
            foreach (Process chrome in procsChrome)
            {
                // the chrome process must have a window
                if (chrome.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
                {
                    continue;
                }
                //AutomationElement elm = AutomationElement.RootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children,
                //         new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "Chrome_WidgetWin_1"));
                // find the automation element
                AutomationElement elm = AutomationElement.FromHandle(chrome.MainWindowHandle);

                // manually walk through the tree, searching using TreeScope.Descendants is too slow (even if it's more reliable)
                AutomationElement elmUrlBar = null;
                try
                {
                    // walking path found using inspect.exe (Windows SDK) for Chrome 29.0.1547.76 m (currently the latest stable)
                    var elm1 = elm.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Google Chrome"));
                    var elm2 = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker.GetLastChild(elm1); // I don't know a Condition for this for finding :(
                    var elm3 = elm2.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, ""));
                    var elm4 = elm3.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.ToolBar));
                    elmUrlBar = elm4.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Address and search bar"));
                }
                catch
                {
                    // Chrome has probably changed something, and above walking needs to be modified. :(
                    // put an assertion here or something to make sure you don't miss it
                    continue;
                }

                // make sure it's valid
                if (elmUrlBar == null)
                {
                    // it's not..
                    continue;
                }

                // elmUrlBar is now the URL bar element. we have to make sure that it's out of keyboard focus if we want to get a valid URL
                if ((bool)elmUrlBar.GetCurrentPropertyValue(AutomationElement.HasKeyboardFocusProperty))
                {
                    continue;
                }

                // there might not be a valid pattern to use, so we have to make sure we have one
                AutomationPattern[] patterns = elmUrlBar.GetSupportedPatterns();
                if (patterns.Length == 1)
                {
                    string ret = "";
                    try
                    {
                        ret = ((ValuePattern)elmUrlBar.GetCurrentPattern(patterns[0])).Current.Value;
                    }
                    catch { }
                    if (ret != "")
                    {
                        // must match a domain name (and possibly "https://" in front)
                        if (Regex.IsMatch(ret, @"^(https:\/\/)?[a-zA-Z0-9\-\.]+(\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4}).*$"))
                        {
                            // prepend http:// to the url, because Chrome hides it if it's not SSL
                            if (!ret.StartsWith("http"))
                            {
                                ret = "http://" + ret;
                            }
                            return ret;
                        }
                    }
                    continue;
                }
            }

        }
        else if (browser == BrowserType.Firefox)
        {
            AutomationElement root = AutomationElement.RootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children,
                new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ClassNameProperty, "MozillaWindowClass"));

                Condition toolBar = new AndCondition(
                new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.ToolBar),
                new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Browser tabs"));
                var tool = root.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, toolBar);

                var tool2 = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker.GetNextSibling(tool);

                var children = tool2.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, Condition.TrueCondition);

                foreach (AutomationElement item in children)
                {
                    foreach (AutomationElement i in item.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, Condition.TrueCondition))
                    {
                        foreach (AutomationElement ii in i.FindAll(TreeScope.Element, Condition.TrueCondition))
                        {
                            if (ii.Current.LocalizedControlType == "edit")
                            {
                                if (!ii.Current.BoundingRectangle.X.ToString().Contains("empty"))
                                {
                                    ValuePattern activeTab = ii.GetCurrentPattern(ValuePattern.Pattern) as ValuePattern;
                                    var activeUrl = activeTab.Current.Value;
                                    return activeUrl;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

Answer 3

也许这段代码可以有所帮助； 感谢 BLEZ 分享此代码。我使用此代码从 firefox 捕获唯一地址并将它们添加到列表框中。但我认为这不适用于 Chrome 对吧？

（您应该将 NDde.dll 添加到您的项目中，为此请转到解决方案资源管理器，右键单击“参考”-> 添加参考-> 浏览-> 找到该 DLL（来自二进制文件夹的http://ndde.codeplex.com/。））

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using NDde.Client;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication9
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            timer1.Enabled = true;
        }

        private string GetBrowserURL(string browser)
        {
            try
            {
                DdeClient dde = new DdeClient(browser, "WWW_GetWindowInfo");
                dde.Connect();
                string url = dde.Request("URL", int.MaxValue);
                string[] text = url.Split(new string[] { "\",\"" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
                dde.Disconnect();
                return text[0].Substring(1);
            }
            catch
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

        private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int j=0;
            for (int i = 0; i < listBox1.Items.Count; i++)
            {
                if (listBox1.Items[i].ToString() == GetBrowserURL("Firefox"))
                {
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    j++;
                }
            }
            if (j == listBox1.Items.Count)
            {
                listBox1.Items.Add(GetBrowserURL("Firefox"));
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

以下代码在 Chrome 版本 58.0.3029.110 上运行良好：

请从.NET 提供的Assembly 中添加对UIAutomationClient 和UIAutomationProvider 的引用。

        foreach (Process proc in procsChrome)
        {
            // the chrome process must have a window 
            if (proc.MainWindowHandle == IntPtr.Zero)
                continue;

            // to find the tabs we first need to locate something reliable - the 'New Tab' button 
            AutomationElement root = AutomationElement.FromHandle(proc.MainWindowHandle);
            var SearchBar = root.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Address and search bar"));
            if (SearchBar != null)
                return (string)SearchBar.GetCurrentPropertyValue(ValuePatternIdentifiers.ValueProperty);
        }