安装mysql2（0.4.8）时出错，Bundler无法继续

Question

如何在 ruby​​ on rail 中修复此错误。

source 'https://rubygems.org'

git_source(:github) do |repo_name|
  repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include?("/")
  "https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
end


# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '~> 5.0.2'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
gem 'sqlite3'
# Use Puma as the app server
gem 'puma', '~> 3.0'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.2'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby
gem 'mysql 2', '0.4.8'
# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes navigating your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/turbolinks/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.5'
# Use Redis adapter to run Action Cable in production
# gem 'redis', '~> 3.0'
# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug', platform: :mri
end

group :development do
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
  gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
  gem 'listen', '~> 3.0.5'
  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
end

# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]

gem 'spree', '~> 3.2.1'
gem 'spree_auth_devise', github: 'spree/spree_auth_devise'
gem 'spree_gateway', github: 'spree/spree_gateway'
gem 'spree_i18n', github: 'spree-contrib/spree_i18n', branch: 'master'

我运行了“捆绑安装”并发生了这个错误。 所以为了修复项目的错误，我在控制台中运行了'gem install mysql2'0.4.8''命令，但我无法修复它。

这个 ruby​​ on rails 使用 Spree 框架。

编辑：

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Users/admin/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.1/gems/mysql2-0.4.8/ext/mysql2
/Users/admin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20170803-6579-foq4sg.rb extconf.rb
checking for rb_absint_size()... yes

我运行了“捆绑安装”，但由于此错误，我无法成功执行此命令。

Answer 1

我认为你缺少 mysql 的开发库：

在 ubuntu 上

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

在 Red Hat/CentOS 和其他使用 yum 的发行版上：

sudo yum install mysql-devel

在带有 Homebrew 的 Mac OS X 上：

brew install mysql

Answer 2

我遇到了类似的问题，但对于 v4.10

Error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.4.10), and Bundler cannot continue

所以我必须运行以下命令来解决上述问题。

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential

Answer 3

对于 Mac，我遇到了 openssl 问题

An error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.5.2), and Bundler cannot continue.

我修复了这个问题，使用如下命令；

$ bundle config --local build.mysql2 "--with-ldflags=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib --with-cppflags=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

$ sudo bundle install

控制台结果：

Fetching mysql2 0.5.2
Installing mysql2 0.5.2 with native extensions
Using puma 3.12.0
Using sprockets 3.7.2
Using sprockets-rails 3.2.1
Fetching rails 5.2.2.1
Installing rails 5.2.2.1
Using rubyzip 1.2.2
Using sass-listen 4.0.0
Using sass 3.7.3
Using tilt 2.0.9
Using sass-rails 5.0.7
Using selenium-webdriver 3.141.0
Using spring 2.0.2
Using spring-watcher-listen 2.0.1
Using turbolinks-source 5.2.0
Using turbolinks 5.2.0
Using uglifier 4.1.20
Using web-console 3.7.0
Bundle complete! 18 Gemfile dependencies, 79 gems now installed.
Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

另类解决

如果您仍然有错误并在控制台中收到消息：You are replacing the current local value of build.mysql2, which is currently nil。请尝试如下：

$ export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
$ export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

然后运行：

$ sudo gem install mysql2 -v '0.5.2' --source 'https://rubygems.org/' -- --with-cppflags=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include --with-ldflags=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib

显示结果：

Building native extensions with: '--with-cppflags=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include --with-ldflags=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib'
This could take a while...
Successfully installed mysql2-0.5.2
Parsing documentation for mysql2-0.5.2
Installing ri documentation for mysql2-0.5.2
Done installing documentation for mysql2 after 0 seconds
1 gem installed

最后，在你的项目中运行 bundle install：

$ sudo bundle install

让我知道它是否可以挽救您的一天！！！ :)

Answer 4

如果您使用的是 mac，请确保先安装 openSSL。

brew install openssl

然后导出

$ export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
$ export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

确保你已经安装了 mysql

gem install mysql2 -v '0.5.3' \
  --source 'https://rubygems.org/' -- \
  --with-cppflags=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include \
  --with-ldflags=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib

然后运行捆绑

bundle install

我的头发几乎掉光了，因为我得到了一台新机器，但我不记得我必须安装 openssl。

Answer 5

Ubuntu 18

您可能需要安装

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

如This回答

Answer 6

MacOS 蒙特雷 (M1)

lib 和 include 文件在 Homebrew 中的位置已更改。我使用this guidance 设置了正确的安装路径。

我首先使用procedure 刷新了我的 Ruby 和 Rails 安装。这将安装 openssl 依赖项。

$ export LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH:$(brew --prefix openssl@1.1)/lib/

在仔细检查了我的mysql 安装后，我遇到了最后一个障碍，zstd 阻止了构建。我使用（感谢this answer）解决了这个问题：

 bundle config --local build.mysql2 \
   "--with-ldflags=-L/opt/homebrew/Cellar/zstd/1.5.0/lib"

你现在可以再次运行 bundle

 bundle install

Answer 7

我找到了我的 mysql 的路径，它是通过 homebrew 安装的并运行以下命令：

gem install mysql2 -- \
 --with-mysql-lib=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.27/lib \
 --with-mysql-dir=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.27 \
 --with-mysql-config=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.27/bin/mysql_config \
 --with-mysql-include=/opt/homebrew/Cellar/mysql/8.0.27/include 

替换你的mysql的路径，它应该可以解决问题。