Oracle 身份列

Question

是不是带有identity列的oracle表只能一条一条插入记录？ 如何为具有标识列的表插入多行？

我的预言机版本是：

Oracle Database 12c 标准版 12.1.0.2.0 版 - 64 位生产 PL/SQL 版本 12.1.0.2.0 - 生产 “核心 12.1.0.2.0 生产” 适用于 64 位 Windows 的 TNS：版本 12.1.0.2.0 - 生产 NLSRTL 版本 12.1.0.2.0 - 生产

这是我重现此问题的脚本

    CREATE TABLE T_BATCH_STATUS
    (
        ID INTEGER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY NOT NULL
        , TARGET_DATE TIMESTAMP NOT NULL
        , JAVA_CLASS VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL
        , STATUS VARCHAR2(35) NOT NULL
        , MSG VARCHAR2(1000)
        , FAIL_CNT NUMBER(3) default 0 NOT NULL
        , CREATE_USER VARCHAR2(35) NOT NULL
        , CREATE_DATE TIMESTAMP NOT NULL
        , UPDATE_USER VARCHAR2(35)
        , UPDATE_DATE TIMESTAMP
        , VERSION number(10) NOT NULL
        , CONSTRAINT PK_BATCH_STATUS PRIMARY KEY (ID)
        , CONSTRAINT U_BATCH_STATUS UNIQUE (TARGET_DATE, JAVA_CLASS)
    )
    ;

    insert into t_batch_status
    (
    TARGET_DATE
    , JAVA_CLASS
    , STATUS
    , FAIL_CNT
    , CREATE_USER
    , CREATE_DATE
    , VERSION
    )
    select to_date('2019.01.01', 'yyyy.MM.dd'), 'DownloadAndUnzip', 'NEW', 0, 'SYSTEM', sysdate, 0 from dual
    ;

    1 row inserted


insert into t_batch_status
(
TARGET_DATE
, JAVA_CLASS
, STATUS
, FAIL_CNT
, CREATE_USER
, CREATE_DATE
, VERSION
)
    select to_date('2019.02.14', 'yyyy.MM.dd'), 'DownloadAndUnzip', 'PENDING', 0,     'SYSTEM', sysdate, 0 from dual
    ;

1 row inserted.

但是如果我使用 union all 插入相同的 2 行，就会出现错误：

truncate table t_batch_status;

insert into t_batch_status
(
TARGET_DATE
, JAVA_CLASS
, STATUS
, FAIL_CNT
, CREATE_USER
, CREATE_DATE
, VERSION
)
select to_date('2019.01.01', 'yyyy.MM.dd'), 'DownloadAndUnzip', 'NEW', 0, 'SYSTEM', sysdate, 0 from dual
union all select to_date('2019.02.14', 'yyyy.MM.dd'), 'DownloadAndUnzip', 'PENDING', 0, 'SYSTEM', sysdate, 0 from dual
;

Error report -
SQL Error: ORA-01400: cannot insert NULL into ("CYBERDB_DEV"."T_BATCH_STATUS"."ID")
01400. 00000 -  "cannot insert NULL into (%s)"
*Cause:    An attempt was made to insert NULL into previously listed objects.
*Action:   These objects cannot accept NULL values.

这个错误让我一头雾水，是不是ID列是自动生成的？

在问了这个问题后，我尝试了这个并且它有效，所以它一定是一个oracle错误：

insert into t_batch_status
(
TARGET_DATE
, JAVA_CLASS
, STATUS
, FAIL_CNT
, CREATE_USER
, CREATE_DATE
, VERSION
)
with tmp as (
select b.base + rownum target_date
from all_objects a
, (select to_date('2019.01.01', 'yyyy.MM.dd') base from dual) b
where rownum < 42
)
select target_date, 'DownloadAndUnzip' as JAVA_CLASS , 'NEW' as STATUS
, 0 as FAIL_CNT , 'SYSTEM' as CREATE_USER , sysdate as CREATE_DATE, 0  as VERSION 
from tmp
;

41 rows inserted.

Answer 1

这可能是 Oracle 12.1 中的一个错误。当我在 Oracle 12.2 中尝试时，我收到 column ambiguously defined 错误。

如果我对第一个选择查询中的所有列使用正确的别名，它就可以正常工作

insert into t_batch_status
(
TARGET_DATE
, JAVA_CLASS
, STATUS
, FAIL_CNT
, CREATE_USER
, CREATE_DATE
, VERSION
)
select to_date('2019.01.01', 'yyyy.MM.dd') as TARGET_DATE , 
'DownloadAndUnzip' as JAVA_CLASS , 'NEW' as STATUS
, 0 as FAIL_CNT , 'SYSTEM' as CREATE_USER , sysdate as CREATE_DATE, 0  as VERSION 
   from dual
union all 
select to_date('2019.02.14', 'yyyy.MM.dd'), 'DownloadAndUnzip', 'PENDING',
 0, 'SYSTEM', sysdate, 0 from dual
;