正如其他人所说,这取决于您的编码。一旦您转向国际化,at() 函数就会出现问题,因为例如,希伯来语在字符周围写有元音。并非所有脚本都包含离散的字形序列。
通常最好将字符串视为原子字符串,除非您自己编写显示/文字操作代码,当然您需要单独的字形。要阅读 UTF,请查看 Baby X 中的代码(它是一个必须在屏幕上绘制文本的窗口系统)
这里是链接https://github.com/MalcolmMcLean/babyx/blob/master/src/common/BBX_Font.c
这是 UTF8 代码 - 这是一大堆代码,但基本上很简单。
static const unsigned int offsetsFromUTF8[6] =
{
0x00000000UL, 0x00003080UL, 0x000E2080UL,
0x03C82080UL, 0xFA082080UL, 0x82082080UL
};
static const unsigned char trailingBytesForUTF8[256] = {
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5
};
int bbx_isutf8z(const char *str)
{
int len = 0;
int pos = 0;
int nb;
int i;
int ch;
while(str[len])
len++;
while(pos < len && *str)
{
nb = bbx_utf8_skip(str);
if(nb < 1 || nb > 4)
return 0;
if(pos + nb > len)
return 0;
for(i=1;i<nb;i++)
if( (str[i] & 0xC0) != 0x80 )
return 0;
ch = bbx_utf8_getch(str);
if(ch < 0x80)
{
if(nb != 1)
return 0;
}
else if(ch < 0x8000)
{
if(nb != 2)
return 0;
}
else if(ch < 0x10000)
{
if(nb != 3)
return 0;
}
else if(ch < 0x110000)
{
if(nb != 4)
return 0;
}
pos += nb;
str += nb;
}
return 1;
}
int bbx_utf8_skip(const char *utf8)
{
return trailingBytesForUTF8[(unsigned char) *utf8] + 1;
}
int bbx_utf8_getch(const char *utf8)
{
int ch;
int nb;
nb = trailingBytesForUTF8[(unsigned char)*utf8];
ch = 0;
switch (nb)
{
/* these fall through deliberately */
case 3: ch += (unsigned char)*utf8++; ch <<= 6;
case 2: ch += (unsigned char)*utf8++; ch <<= 6;
case 1: ch += (unsigned char)*utf8++; ch <<= 6;
case 0: ch += (unsigned char)*utf8++;
}
ch -= offsetsFromUTF8[nb];
return ch;
}
int bbx_utf8_putch(char *out, int ch)
{
char *dest = out;
if (ch < 0x80)
{
*dest++ = (char)ch;
}
else if (ch < 0x800)
{
*dest++ = (ch>>6) | 0xC0;
*dest++ = (ch & 0x3F) | 0x80;
}
else if (ch < 0x10000)
{
*dest++ = (ch>>12) | 0xE0;
*dest++ = ((ch>>6) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
*dest++ = (ch & 0x3F) | 0x80;
}
else if (ch < 0x110000)
{
*dest++ = (ch>>18) | 0xF0;
*dest++ = ((ch>>12) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
*dest++ = ((ch>>6) & 0x3F) | 0x80;
*dest++ = (ch & 0x3F) | 0x80;
}
else
return 0;
return dest - out;
}
int bbx_utf8_charwidth(int ch)
{
if (ch < 0x80)
{
return 1;
}
else if (ch < 0x800)
{
return 2;
}
else if (ch < 0x10000)
{
return 3;
}
else if (ch < 0x110000)
{
return 4;
}
else
return 0;
}
int bbx_utf8_Nchars(const char *utf8)
{
int answer = 0;
while(*utf8)
{
utf8 += bbx_utf8_skip(utf8);
answer++;
}
return answer;
}