插入表情符号不适用于 spring-boot 和 MariaDB

Question

我想插入表情符号，例如 ????在 mariaDB 数据库中，但我总是得到一个 sql 错误。

这是堆栈跟踪：

12-01-2018 16:01:44.466 [Executor - Migration - 1] WARN  o.h.e.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.logExceptions:129 - SQL Error: 1366, SQLState: 22007
12-01-2018 16:01:44.466 [Executor - Migration - 1] ERROR o.h.e.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.logExceptions:131 - (conn:498) Incorrect string value: '\xF0\x9F\x92\xB3\xF0\x9F...' for column 'notes' at row 1
Query is: insert into customer (backend_archiving_date, backend_creation_date, backend_update_date, genius_client_id, address, birthday, city, company_name, country, email, fidelity_account_id, first_name, last_name, notes, phone, siret, zip_code, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?), parameters [<null>,'2018-01-12 15:01:44.454','2018-01-12 15:01:44.454',2159,'20 rue raspail
',<null>,'LEVALLOIS PERRET','','FRANCE','','00c55854-99df-4db1-88b9-34f7e5608477','claude','amsellem','????????????????','','','92300','2152ed7d-80a1-4305-9fcb-4e21f5947e32']

我的 Maria db，表有

ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

并且“notes”字段也有“utf8mb4 - Unicode”字符集。

当我通过 sql 查询插入时

update customer set notes='????????????????' where id = 'f5920301-5ee0-4d58-a786-d4701d9e9d73';

它可以工作，但是当我想用我的程序（spring-boot、spring-data-jpa、hibernate）插入表情符号时，我总是会收到错误消息（请参阅堆栈跟踪）。

编辑

仅供参考，这是创建脚本

CREATE TABLE `customer` (
`id` char(36) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`last_name` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`phone` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`email` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`birthday` date DEFAULT NULL,
`notes` varchar(2048) DEFAULT NULL,
`address` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`city` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`country` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`zip_code` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`company_name` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`siret` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`fidelity_account_id` char(36) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`backend_creation_date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT current_timestamp() ON UPDATE current_timestamp(),
`backend_update_date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00',
`backend_archiving_date` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`genius_client_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `id` (`id`),
KEY `fk_customer_fidelity_account` (`fidelity_account_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_customer_fidelity_account` FOREIGN KEY (`fidelity_account_id`) REFERENCES `fidelity_account` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

编辑 2

这里是连接参数（spring-boot application.yml）

# Datasource configuration
spring:
  datasource:
    type: "com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource"
    url: "jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/genius_back useUnicode=yes&characterEncoding=UTF8"
    hikari:
      driver-class-name: "org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver"
      username: "mariadb"
      password: "mariadb"
      minimum-idle: 5
      maximum-pool-size: 20
      validation-query: "SET NAMES utf8mb4"
  jackson:
     serialization:
      write_dates_as_timestamps: false
  http:
     client-user-agent: "Genius"
     multipart:
      max-file-size: 100Mb
      max-request-size: 150Mb

Answer 1

好的， 我发现了问题。

解决方案是添加

spring:
  datasource:
     connectionInitSql: "SET NAMES 'utf8mb4'" 

在 application.yml 中。

connectionInitSql 被 HikariCP 在打开连接时使用。

Answer 2

spring-boot2.0.0.RC2

mysql5.7.14

    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>


Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xF0\x9F\x98\xAD' for column 'title' at row 1
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:965)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3973)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3909)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2527)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2680)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2484)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1858)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2079)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2013)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeLargeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:5104)
at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:1998)
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(ProxyPreparedStatement.java:61)
at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(HikariProxyPreparedStatement.java)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:175)
... 68 more

spring.datasource.connectionInitSql 不适合我

我看到了 hikari.pool

那就试试

spring.datasource.hikari.connectionInitSql=SET NAMES utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

效果不错

spring.datasource.hikari.connection-init-sql=SET NAMES utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

参考https://github.com/brettwooldridge/HikariCP#configuration-knobs-baby

Answer 3

对于嵌入 tomcat 的 Spring boot：

spring.datasource.tomcat.initSQL = SET NAMES 'utf8mb4'

Answer 4

连接时，将字符集设置为 utf8mb4。请提供连接详情。

在表中的列上使用 utf8mb4。请提供SHOW CREATE TABLE，以便我们验证列，而不仅仅是表默认是utf8mb4。