创建字典

Question

我的目标是在 Python 中创建一个字典。我有一个 .csv 文件，其中包含两列，第一列是“单词”，另一列是“含义”。我正在尝试以字典格式读取 csv 文件，并在给出“单词”时获取“含义”。

你能告诉我如何获得'word'的价值吗？这是我尝试过的：

我的代码是，

>>> with open('wordlist.csv', mode = 'r') as infile:
...     reader = csv.reader(infile)
...     with open('wordlist.csv', mode = 'w') as outfile:
...         writer = csv.writer(outfile)
...         mydict = {rows[0]:rows[1] for rows in reader}
...     print(mydict)
...

结果是，

{}

我尝试的下一个是，

>>> reader = csv.reader(open('wordlist.csv', 'r'))
>>> d = {}
>>> for row in reader:
...     k, v = row
...     d[k] = v
... 

但是当我想用这个的时候，结果是这样的——

>>> d['Try']
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
KeyError: 'Try'

我尝试的下一个代码是，

>>> reader = csv.DictReader(open('wordlist.csv'))
>>> result = {}
>>> for row in reader:
...     key = row.pop('word')
...     if key in result:
...         pass
...     result[key] = row
...     print result
...

它根本没有给我任何答案。

>>> for row in reader:
...     for column, value in row.iteritems():
...         result.setdefault(column, []).append(value)
...     print result
... 

这也没有给我一个结果。

Answer 1

我会使用熊猫。然后您可以使用 zip 2 创建字典。

import pandas as pd    

df = pd.read_csv('wordlist.csv')
words = list(df.word)
meaning = dict( zip( df.word, df.meaning ) )

如果您的文件没有标题行，那没关系。只需打印出每一列仍然有一些名称，然后可以引用。

替代方案：

import pandas as pd    

df = pd.read_csv('wordlist.csv')
dictionary = {}

for w, s, m, p in zip(df.words, df.meaning):
    dictionary[w] = [m, p]

Answer 2

如果“final_word.csv”看起来像这样：

word1, synonym1, meaning1, POS_tag1
word2, synonym2, meaning2, POS_tag2

这会将它作为字典读入：

with open("final_word.csv",'r') as f:
    rows = f.readlines()

dictionary = {}
for row in rows:
    row = row.strip()
    word, synonym, meaning, POS_tag = row.split(", ")
    dictionary[word] = [synonym, meaning, POS_tag]

print(dictionary['word1'])
#out>> ['synonym1', 'meaning1', 'POS_tag1']
print(dictionary['word2'][0])
#out>> synonym2

strip() 用于删除每个 csv 行末尾的换行符“\n”