Perl：如何从解析的文件执行日期计算答案

【问题标题】：Perl: How to perform date calculations from a parsed filePerl：如何从解析的文件执行日期计算
【发布时间】：2012-01-09 19:52:43
【问题描述】：

我有一个包含多列的 csv 文件。例子，

"00000089-6d83-486d-9ddf-30bbbf722583","2011-09-17 16:25:09","INTNAME","1001","https://mobile.mint.com:443"
"000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e","2011-11-09 13:52:30","INTNAME","2000","http://m.intel.com/content/intel-us/en/shop/shop-landing.html?t=laptop&p=13"

这些是我需要解析的大文件中的示例行。我只需要从这个文件中选择那些第四列在某个列表中的行（比如 1000、2000 ......）和特定日期之间的第二列（比如 2011-11-01 00:00:00 到2011-11-15 00:00:00)。

那么，我如何进行这些日期选择并仅以制表符分隔的形式输出这些行。

在示例中，仅选择第二行并以制表符分隔的形式保存在另一个文件中。

【问题讨论】：

标签： perl parsing datetime csv

【解决方案1】：

你可能想看看Time::Piece，像这样使用它（例如）：

# use strftime() formats.
my $time = Time::Piece->strptime($date, "%Y%m%d %H:%M");

（为您的数据应用相关的 strftime 格式）

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

首先，它看起来像 CSV，因此您应该使用 Text::CSV_XS（或 Text::CSV）来解析它。在 Perl 中用于处理日期/时间的“标准”模块是 DateTime，它与 DateTime::Format::ISO8601 或类似的模块一起使用，但 Date::Parse 也是一种可能性。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

使用Parse::CSV，这是一种完成工作的方法：

#!/usr/local/bin/perl 
use Modern::Perl;
use Parse::CSV;

my $parser = Parse::CSV->new(
    file => 'text.csv',
);
while ( my $value = $parser->fetch ) {
    if ($value->[3] > 1000 && $value->[3] <= 2000
      && $value->[1] gt '2011-11-01 00:00:00' 
      && $value->[1] lt '2011-11-15 00:00:00' ) {
        say "$value->[0] --> OK";
    }else {
        say "$value->[0] --> KO";
    }
}

输出：

00000089-6d83-486d-9ddf-30bbbf722583 --> KO
000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e --> OK

您还可以使用过滤功能：

my $parser = Parse::CSV->new(
    file => 'text.csv',
    filter => sub{
            if ($_->[3] > 1000 && $_->[3] <= 2000
             && $_->[1] gt '2011-11-01 00:00:00' 
             && $_->[1] lt '2011-11-15 00:00:00' ) {
               return $_;
            }else {
                return undef;
            }
        }
);

while ( my $value = $parser->fetch ) {
    # do what you want with the filtered rows
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;

use 5.010;
use utf8;
use Carp;
use Date::Parse;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

our $VERSION = '0.01';

my @list = qw(1000 2000 3000);

#say "@list";
# if ( '1000' ~~ @list ) {
# say 'done';
# }

#s (say 2011-11-01 00:00:00 to 2011-11-15 00:00:00).

my $start_date = str2time('2011-11-01 00:00:00');
my $end_date   = str2time('2011-11-15 00:00:00');

#my $input_time    = str2time($input_date);
my $RGX_FOUR_FULL = qr{"([^"]+)","([^"]+)","([^"]+)","([^"]+)","([^"]+)"}smo;
my $RGX_DATE_FULL = qr{.*"(\d{4}-\w{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2})".*}smo;
my @input_data    = <DATA>;

my @res =
grep {
      extract_time($_) >= $start_date
  and extract_time($_) <= $end_date
  and ( extract_four($_) ~~ @list )
} @input_data;

print @res;

#say 'Z';

sub extract_time {
    my ($search_str) = @_;
    $search_str =~ s/$RGX_DATE_FULL/$1/sm;
    return str2time($search_str);
}

sub extract_four {
    my ($search_str) = @_;
    $search_str =~ s/$RGX_FOUR_FULL/$4/sm;
    chomp($search_str);
    #print $search_str;
    return $search_str;
}

__DATA__
"00000089-6d83-486d-9ddf-30bbbf722583","2011-08-17 16:25:09","INTNAME","1001","https://mobile.mint.com:443"
"00000089-6d83-486d-9ddf-30bbbf722583","2011-09-17 16:25:09","INTNAME","1001","https://mobile.mint.com:443"
"000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e","2011-11-09 13:52:30","INTNAME","2000","http://m.intel.com/content/intel-us/en/shop/shop-landing.html?t=laptop&p=13"
"000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e","2011-11-10 14:52:30","INTNAME","4000","http://m.intel.com/content/intel-us/en/shop/shop-landing.html?t=laptop&p=13"
"000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e","2011-11-09 13:52:30","INTNAME","3000","http://m.intel.com/content/intel-us/en/shop/shop-landing.html?t=laptop&p=13"

你得到

"000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e","2011-11-09 13:52:30","INTNAME","2000","http://m.intel.com/content/intel-us/en/shop/shop-landing.html?t=laptop&p=13"
"000004c9-92c6-4764-b320-b1403276321e","2011-11-09 13:52:30","INTNAME","3000","http://m.intel.com/content/intel-us/en/shop/shop-landing.html?t=laptop&p=13"

【讨论】：