在 webfaction 中安装 Python 包的问题

Question

我正在尝试使用 PIP 安装软件包，但它最初对我不起作用，它给出了权限被拒绝错误，然后当我尝试使用 easy_install 时，它给出了这个错误：->

 Searching for mezzanine
    Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/mezzanine/
    Reading http://github.com/stephenmcd/mezzanine/
    Reading http://mezzanine.jupo.org/
    Best match: Mezzanine 3.1.8
    Downloading https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/M/Mezzanine/Mezzanine-3.1.8.tar.gz#md5=dcc46016b866ea8de1c87fb9dffd9163
    Processing Mezzanine-3.1.8.tar.gz
    Writing /tmp/easy_install-2cSSS_/Mezzanine-3.1.8/setup.cfg
    Running Mezzanine-3.1.8/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-2cSSS_/Mezzanine-3.1.8/egg-dist-tmp-uDjreS
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/local/bin/easy_install", line 8, in ?
        sys.exit(
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1924, in main
        with_ei_usage(lambda:
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1911, in with_ei_usage
        return f()
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1928, in <lambda>
        distclass=DistributionWithoutHelpCommands, **kw
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/distutils/core.py", line 149, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/distutils/dist.py", line 946, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 374, in run
        self.easy_install(spec, not self.no_deps)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 609, in easy_install
        return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 639, in install_item
        dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 825, in install_eggs
        return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1031, in build_and_install
        self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1016, in run_setup
        run_setup(setup_script, args)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 68, in run_setup
        DirectorySandbox(setup_dir).run(
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 120, in run
        return func()
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 71, in <lambda>
        {'__file__':setup_script, '__name__':'__main__'}
      File "setup.py", line 22
        with open(e, "r") as f:
                ^
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax

之后，当我再次尝试使用 pip 时，我得到了不同的错误（不是权限被拒绝）：

 File "/home/rishi/bin/pip", line 8, in ?
    sys.exit(
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 357, in load_entry_point
    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2394, in load_entry_point
    return ep.load()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2108, in load
    entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__'])
  File "/home/rishi/lib/python2.4/pip-1.5.6-py2.4.egg/pip/__init__.py", line 9, in ?
    from pip.log import logger
  File "/home/rishi/lib/python2.4/pip-1.5.6-py2.4.egg/pip/log.py", line 19
    real_consumer = (consumer if not isinstance(consumer, colorama.AnsiToWin32)
                               ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

现在我不知道我做错了什么，有人可以帮助我吗？

编辑：- 由于 python 版本错误，语法错误已解决，我使用的是 2.4。

OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mezzanine'

$哪个pip结果是

~/bin/pip

Answer 1

只需在您的 pip 命令中添加 --user 选项，它将使用您登录的用户权限进行安装：

pip2.7 install mezzanine --user

Answer 2

• 正如 Daniel Roseman 所指出的 - 语法错误来自使用 Python2.4
• 权限问题是尝试安装到系统Python引起的，需要sudo或root

可能的解决方案

安装到系统 Pyhton（使用 sudo）

$ sudo pip install mezzanine

这会破坏系统Python，不太推荐。如果您是例如，那将是可以接受的。在 Docker 下。

安装到用户配置文件中

$ pip install --user mezzanine

它将包安装到用户方案中，不会破坏系统Python。

这更容易接受，但很快就会变成运行代码的混乱环境，因为 Python 有时会从系统导入表单用户方案。

使用virtualenv

假设你已经安装了 virtualenv：

$ cd ~/projects
$ mkdir mezza
$ cd mezza
$ virtualenv venv
$ source venv/bin/activate
(venv)$ pip install mezzanine
$ pip freeze
mezzanine==3.1.8

（冻结后会有更多的行）。

这会安装到 virtualenv 中，很容易重新创建、销毁，并且不会与其他环境混淆。

使用virtulanevwrapper，您将获得一组额外的工具，这将大大简化您的环境。