如何在mysql中使用join和union进行子查询

Question

我试图在两个子查询中使用连接和联合。这是我的查询：

SELECT Service,SP.Second_Period, SP.TRX_SP,FP.First_Period,FP.TRX_FP
FROM (((SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) SP
RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) FP USING (Service))
UNION ALL
((SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) SP
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) FP USING (Service) ))  as tbl2
WHERE SP.Service=FP.Service
GROUP BY Service
Order BY Service

这样做会返回给我这个错误：

1064 - 您的 SQL 语法有错误；查看与您的 MariaDB 服务器版本相对应的手册，了解正确使用的语法

'LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(第 16 行处理'

我做错了什么？我使用左和右连接和联合，因为我不能在 mysql 中使用完全外连接。

更新

这里是用 DAYNAME(Dataime) 代替 Service 的 ny 代码

SELECT *
FROM (
(
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime), SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) SP
RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime), SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) FP USING (DAYNAME(Dataime)))
UNION ALL
(
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime), SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) SP
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime), SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) FP USING (DAYNAME(Dataime)) ))  as tbl2
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)
Order BY DAYNAME(Dataime)

这是错误：

1064 - 您的 SQL 语法有错误；查看与您的 MariaDB 服务器版本相对应的手册，了解正确使用的语法

near '(Dataime))) UNION ALL (

Answer 1

您需要进行一些更改才能使此查询起作用：

• 将内部SELECT 查询包装到另一个SELECT * 查询中以使JOIN 工作，例如() SP LEFT JOIN () SP 不是有效的语法。相反，使用SELECT * FROM (..) SP JOIN (..) FP
• 从外部SELECT 中删除SP.*，因为SP 和FP 仅对内部查询可见，请改用SELECT *
• 再次从外部WHERE 子句中删除WHERE SP.Service=FP.Service，SP 和FP 将不可见。

下面的查询应该可以工作：

SELECT *
FROM (
(
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) SP
RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) FP USING (Service))
UNION ALL
(
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) SP
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(SELECT Service, SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY Service) FP USING (Service) ))  as tbl2
GROUP BY Service
Order BY Service

更新

你不能在USING子句中使用函数，所以你需要为该列加上别名并使用USING中的别名，例如：

SELECT *
FROM (
(
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime) as 'day', SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) SP
RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime) as 'day', SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) FP USING(`day`))
UNION ALL
(
SELECT * FROM
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime) as `day`, SUM(Processed) as Second_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_SP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-07 00:00:00' and '2017-05-14 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) SP
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(SELECT DAYNAME(Dataime) as `day`, SUM(Processed) as First_Period, COUNT(Processed) as TRX_FP
FROM pay
WHERE Status1='Processed' AND Dataime BETWEEN '2017-05-01 00:00:00' and '2017-05-06 00:00:00' 
GROUP BY DAYNAME(Dataime)) FP USING (`day`) ))  as tbl2
GROUP BY `day`
Order BY `day`