【发布时间】:2015-02-14 00:14:39
【问题描述】:
我有一台运行邮件软件的服务器。本软件使用phpmailer。
如果我通过这个软件发送电子邮件没有问题,我会收到SPF=PASS 和DKIM=PASS。
但是,当我尝试使用仅使用 mail() 的常规 PHP 文件时,我收到带有 dkim=softfail (fail, body has been altered) header.i=@example.com 错误的电子邮件。以下是具体内容。
我在网上查了几个小时,但我发现的只是 RFC 规范的链接,说这个问题是由诸如“超过 990 字节的行”或“格式错误的行尾”之类的东西引起的(两者都没有在这里申请,因为我使用chunk_split())。
什么可能导致我的代码中的 DKIM 出现此问题?还有其他我忽略的 RFC 规范吗?
**PHP script I use:**
//build array with headers
$header = array();
$boundary = md5(uniqid(rand()));
$header[] = "MIME-Version: 1.0";
$header[] = "Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary = $boundary";
$header[] = "From: Me <me@example.com>";
// get html version
ob_start();
include('html.php');
$Html = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
// get TXT version
ob_start();
include('txt.php');
$Txt = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
// Build final message body
// TXT part of message
$body = "--$boundary\r\nContent-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\r\nContent-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
$body .= chunk_split(base64_encode($Txt));
// HTML part of message
$body .= "--$boundary\r\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\nContent-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
$body .= chunk_split(base64_encode($Html));
$body .= "--$boundary--";
// sent email
$isMailed = mail("me@example.com","=?UTF-8?B?".base64_encode($subject)."?=",$body, implode("\n", $header));
编辑:为了帮助解决这个问题,这是我使用上述脚本获得的示例电子邮件标题:
Return-Path: <apache@example.com>
Delivered-To: me@example.com
Received: from localhost (mx1.example.com [127.0.0.1])
by mx1.example.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4E50FBF31F
for <me@example.com>; Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:54:43 +0100 (CET)
X-Virus-Scanned: Debian amavisd-new at mx1.example.com
Authentication-Results: mx1.example.com (amavisd-new);
dkim=softfail (fail, body has been altered) header.i=@example.com
Received: from mx1.example.com ([127.0.0.1])
by localhost (mx1.example.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024)
with ESMTP id o8MXZhIlf1tF for <me@example.com>;
Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:54:42 +0100 (CET)
Received: from example.com (example.com [123.23.45.67])
by mx1.example.com (Postfix) with SMTP id 92A21AF218
for <me@example.com>; Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:54:41 +0100 (CET)
Received: from localhost (mailsvr [127.0.0.1])
by example.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 895B51018227
for <me@example.com>; Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:56:23 +0100 (CET)
X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at example.com
Received: from example.com ([127.0.0.1])
by localhost (mailsvr.example.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024)
with LMTP id gm+3YJEGgEc7 for <me@example.com>;
Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:56:22 +0100 (CET)
Received: by example.com (Postfix, from userid 47)
id A973B317802E; Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:56:20 +0100 (CET)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=example.com;
s=default; t=1418745380;
bh=wL3reSbwXm4SPw5A8n9RooRKg+7j0rkM5+iBCFG51XI=;
h=To:Subject:MIME-Version:Content-Type:From:Message-Id:Date;
b=BALRnjP3rx8LcYUxvrLBSASiZyFgA5ckTvGHoKF4V+o8JOLtLTmpmPQS91ohHIwOq
UFRhv6qJl9ObvFWl0c6QyVthGjCz2+2vB6RkMXQxzJgwxPIe6X51iIEDxA4Y3EYs+x
0DxmjMTt5tNKNBrjvEtZiEolkfbua8cearxA/Q3M=
To: me@example.com
Subject: =?UTF-8?B?dGVzdA==?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary = 47eacbbcbff31a13d0894e4f9ac0450b
From: Me <me@example.com>
Message-Id: <20141216155620.A972B387802D@example.com>
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 16:56:20 +0100 (CET)
--47eacbbcbff31a13d0894e4f9ac0450b
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
dGVzdA==
--47eacbbcbff31a13d0894e4f9ac0450b
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
PGh0bWw+PGhlYWQ+PC9oZWFkPg0KPGJvZHk+DQo8cD50ZXN0PC9wPg0KPC9ib2R5Pg0KPC9odG1s
Pg==
--47eacbbcbff31a13d0894e4f9ac0450b--
【问题讨论】:
-
这段代码显然没有进行 DKIM 签名 - 那是什么?
-
无论如何,您都不应该手动构建 mime 电子邮件。使用 PHPMailer 或 Swiftmailer,这将使您的大部分代码变得多余。
-
@MarcB 是的,可能是真的。但是,这里的问题是为什么我的脚本会导致
dkim=softfail。我刚刚测试了一个简单的mail("me@example.com","test","test");,电子邮件通过了。所以一定是在上面的脚本中导致了软故障,因为 PHPmail()函数本身并没有造成问题。我的猜测是它与格式有关,就像在不同的在线答案中指出的那样,除了我无法弄清楚我遵循了那些已经指出的 RFC 规则(如我的帖子中提到的) )。