通过 C# 进行 XML 模式验证

Question

问题： 我正在尝试使用 C# 针对 XML 实例文件验证 XML 模式文件。但是我不断收到这些消息：

Could not find schema information for the element 'Courses'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Course'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Code'.
Could not find schema information for the attribute 'Undergrad'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'CourseName'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Instructor'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Name'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'First'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Last'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Contact'.
Could not find schema information for the attribute 'Office'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Phone'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Room'.
Could not find schema information for the element 'Cap'.

我的架构文件（tempuri.com 被我实际文件中的真实位置替换）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://www.tempuri.com/Courses3.xsd"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
    xmlns="http://www.tempuri.com/Courses3.xsd"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
>
  <!--definition of simple elements-->
  <xsd:element name="Cap" type="xsd:integer"/>
  <xsd:element name="Room" type="xsd:string"/>
  <xsd:element name="Phone" type="xsd:integer"/>
  <xsd:element name="First" type ="xsd:string"/>
  <xsd:element name="Last" type ="xsd:string"/>
  <xsd:element name="CourseName" type ="xsd:string"/>

  <!--definition of attributes-->
  <xsd:attribute name="Grad" type="xsd:string"/>
  <xsd:attribute name="Undergrad" type="xsd:string"/>
  <xsd:attribute name="Office" type="xsd:string"/>


  <!--definition of complext elements-->

  <!--Courses-->
  <xsd:element name="Courses">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="Course" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

  <!--Course-->
  <xsd:element name="Course">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="Code" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
        <xsd:element ref="CourseName" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
        <xsd:element ref="Instructor" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
        <xsd:element ref="Room" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
        <xsd:element ref="Cap" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

  <!--Code-->
  <xsd:element name="Code">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:attribute ref="Grad" use ="optional"/>
      <xsd:attribute ref="Undergrad" use ="optional"/>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

  <!--Instructor-->
  <xsd:element name="Instructor">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="Name" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
        <xsd:element ref="Contact" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

  <!--Name-->
  <xsd:element name="Name">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="First" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
        <xsd:element ref="Last" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

  <!--Contact-->
  <xsd:element name="Contact">
    <xsd:complexType>
      <xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:element ref="Phone" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
      </xsd:sequence>
      <xsd:attribute ref="Office" use ="optional"/>
    </xsd:complexType>
  </xsd:element>

</xsd:schema>

我的 XML 实例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Courses>
  <Course>
    <Code Undergrad ="CSEXXX"/>
    <CourseName>
      Programming
    </CourseName>
    <Instructor>
      <Name>
        <First>
          Jim
        </First>
        <Last>
          Bob
        </Last>
      </Name>
      <Contact Office ="MLG562">
        <Phone>
          5555555555
        </Phone>
      </Contact>
    </Instructor>
    <Room>
      TLK130
    </Room>
    <Cap>
      70
    </Cap>
  </Course>

我的 C# 验证方法：

public string CoursesVerification(string pXMLurl, string pXSDurl)
    {
        XmlValidatingReader vr = null;
        try
        {
            XmlTextReader nvr = new XmlTextReader(pXMLurl); //get xml file
            nvr.WhitespaceHandling = WhitespaceHandling.None;
            vr = new XmlValidatingReader(nvr); //wrap nvr in vr
            vr.Schemas.Add(GetTargetNamespace(pXSDurl), pXSDurl);
            vr.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);
            while (vr.Read());
            return _VerifyString;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return ex.Message;
        }
        finally
        {
            if (vr != null) vr.Close();
        }
    }

    static string GetTargetNamespace(string src)
    {
        XmlTextReader nvr = null;
        try
        {

            nvr = new XmlTextReader(src);
            nvr.WhitespaceHandling = WhitespaceHandling.None;
            while (nvr.Read())
            {
                if (nvr.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element && nvr.LocalName == "schema")
                {
                    while (nvr.MoveToNextAttribute())
                    {
                        if (nvr.Name == "targetNamespace") return nvr.Value;
                    }
                }
            }
            return "";
        }
        finally
        {
            if (nvr != null) nvr.Close();
        }
    }

    static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e)
    {
        if (String.Compare(_VerifyString, "No Error") == 0) _VerifyString = e.Message + "\n";
        else _VerifyString += e.Message + "\n";
    }

我一直在四处寻找，试图弄清楚我忽略了什么。我在此验证中做错了什么？

Answer 1

只是快速浏览一下，因为我没有时间深入研究所有内容，看起来您的 XML 文件没有定义命名空间，但您的 XSD 定义了。那可能是一个开始寻找的地方。在您的 XML 文件的根元素中，您需要指定命名空间。

<Courses xmlns="http://www.tempuri.com/Courses3.xsd">