JAVA SAX 解析错误答案

【问题标题】：JAVA SAX Parsing ErrorJAVA SAX 解析错误
【发布时间】：2011-09-23 19:12:42
【问题描述】：

所以我今天在这里问了几个问题，在令人惊叹的 SO 社区的帮助下，我能够了解 SAX 的基础知识，并学习如何正确遍历目录结构。

现在，通过我的程序，我可以访问我正在寻找的 XML 文件，但我不确定我得到的这个错误是什么意思，或者我的 SAXHandler 类的代码中哪里出错了。有人可以看看这个并给我一些反馈吗？

XML 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes" ?> 
- <Relationships xmlns="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships">
      <Relationship Id="rId8" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/footer" Target="footer1.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId13" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/theme" Target="theme/theme1.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId3" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/settings" Target="settings.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId7" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/header" Target="header1.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId12" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/fontTable" Target="fontTable.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId2" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles" Target="styles.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId1" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/numbering" Target="numbering.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId6" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/endnotes" Target="endnotes.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId11" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/image" Target="media/image3.png" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId5" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/footnotes" Target="footnotes.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId10" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/image" Target="media/image2.jpeg" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId4" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/webSettings" Target="webSettings.xml" /> 
      <Relationship Id="rId9" Type="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/image" Target="media/image1.jpeg" /> 
</Relationships>

Java 代码

import java.io.*;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.*;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.*;

public class XMLParser
{   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
    {
        traverse(new File("C:/Documents and Settings/user/workspace/Intern Project/Proposals/Converted Proposals/Extracted Items"));
    }

     private static final class SaxHandler extends DefaultHandler 
     {
         // invoked when document-parsing is started:
         public void startDocument() throws SAXException 
         {
             System.out.println("Document processing started");
         }

         // notifies about finish of parsing:
         public void endDocument() throws SAXException 
         {
             System.out.println("Document processing finished");
         }

         // we enter to element 'qName':
         public void startElement(String uri, String localName, 
                 String qName, Attributes attrs) throws SAXException 
         {
             if(qName.equalsIgnoreCase("Relationship"))
         {
             String val = attrs.getValue("Target");
             if(val != null)
             {
                 if (val.contains("image"))
                 {
                     String id = attrs.getValue("Id");
                     System.out.println("Id: " + id + "& Target: " + val);
                 }
             }
         }
         else if(qName.equalsIgnoreCase("Relationships"))
         {
             //do nothing
         }
         else 
         {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Element '" + 
                     qName + "' is not allowed here");
         }
         }

         // we leave element 'qName' without any actions:
         public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
         throws SAXException 
         {
                // do nothing;
         }
     }

     private static void traverse(File directory)
     {
        //Get all files in directory
        File[] files = directory.listFiles();
        for (File file : files)
        {
           if (file.isDirectory())
           {
              //It's a directory so (recursively) traverse it
              traverse(file);
           }
           else if (file.getName().equals("document.xml.rels"))
           {
               try 
                {
                    System.out.println("5");
                    // creates and returns new instance of SAX-implementation:
                    SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

                    // create SAX-parser...
                    SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();

                    // .. define our handler:
                    SaxHandler handler = new SaxHandler();

                    // and parse:
                    parser.parse(file.getAbsolutePath(), handler);    
                } 
                catch (Exception ex) 
                {
                    ex.printStackTrace(System.out);
                }
            }
         }
     }
}

错误

5
Document processing started
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Element 'Relationships' is not allowed here
    at XMLParser$SaxHandler.startElement(XMLParser.java:57)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:96)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.main(XMLParser.java:13)
5
Document processing started
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Element 'Relationships' is not allowed here
    at XMLParser$SaxHandler.startElement(XMLParser.java:57)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:96)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.main(XMLParser.java:13)
5
Document processing started
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Element 'Relationships' is not allowed here
    at XMLParser$SaxHandler.startElement(XMLParser.java:57)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:96)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.main(XMLParser.java:13)
5
Document processing started
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Element 'Relationships' is not allowed here
    at XMLParser$SaxHandler.startElement(XMLParser.java:57)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:96)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.traverse(XMLParser.java:79)
    at XMLParser.main(XMLParser.java:13)

感谢 Jorge M.

Document processing started
Id: rId13& Target: media/image3.jpeg
Id: rId18& Target: media/image8.jpeg
Id: rId26& Target: media/image16.jpeg
Id: rId39& Target: media/image29.jpeg
Id: rId21& Target: media/image11.jpeg
Id: rId34& Target: media/image24.jpeg
Id: rId7& Target: media/image1.jpeg
Id: rId12& Target: media/image2.jpeg
Id: rId17& Target: media/image7.jpeg
Id: rId25& Target: media/image15.jpeg
Id: rId33& Target: media/image23.jpeg
Id: rId38& Target: media/image28.jpeg
Id: rId16& Target: media/image6.jpeg
Id: rId20& Target: media/image10.jpeg
Id: rId29& Target: media/image19.jpeg
Id: rId24& Target: media/image14.jpeg
Id: rId32& Target: media/image22.jpeg
Id: rId37& Target: media/image27.jpeg
Id: rId15& Target: media/image5.jpeg
Id: rId23& Target: media/image13.jpeg
Id: rId28& Target: media/image18.jpeg
Id: rId36& Target: media/image26.jpeg
Id: rId19& Target: media/image9.jpeg
Id: rId31& Target: media/image21.jpeg
Id: rId14& Target: media/image4.jpeg
Id: rId22& Target: media/image12.jpeg
Id: rId27& Target: media/image17.jpeg
Id: rId30& Target: media/image20.jpeg
Id: rId35& Target: media/image25.jpeg
Document processing finished
Document processing started
Id: rId11& Target: media/image2.png
Id: rId9& Target: media/image1.jpeg
Document processing finished
Document processing started
Id: rId11& Target: media/image3.png
Id: rId10& Target: media/image2.jpeg
Id: rId9& Target: media/image1.jpeg
Document processing finished
Document processing started
Id: rId8& Target: media/image2.jpeg
Id: rId13& Target: media/image5.jpeg
Id: rId7& Target: media/image1.jpeg
Id: rId12& Target: media/image4.jpeg
Id: rId17& Target: media/image8.png
Id: rId15& Target: media/image7.jpeg
Id: rId9& Target: media/image3.jpeg
Id: rId14& Target: media/image6.jpeg
Document processing finished

提前感谢您的帮助！

【问题讨论】：

您的 XML 是什么样的？副手，我猜你有两个顶级元素。
您的代码可能没有问题。问题似乎出在源文档上。该文档似乎不符合架构。只需删除 dtd 定义并尝试使用 sax 读取文件，它应该可以工作（验证我的假设）
@Ted Hopp, @doc_180 抱歉，我第一次忘记包含 xml 文档。它现在在原始帖子中。
@Joe - 在 xml 文件中打开 <Relationships ... 标记之前的 - 是否真的存在？
@Joe 然后删除它，因为它不属于那里，这使它成为无效的 XML 文件。

标签： java xml parsing sax xml-parsing

【解决方案1】：

在每个起始元素上，您检查它是否等于“关系”，但第一个元素是“关系”，因此它不相等并且您抛出异常。这就是你到目前为止实现的行为；）

这就是我引用的代码的平静：

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, 
                 String qName, Attributes attrs) throws SAXException 
         {
             if(localName.equalsIgnoreCase("Relationship"))
             {
                 .....
             }  
             else 
             {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Element '" + 
                         qName + "' is not allowed here");
             }
         }

一个可能的解决方案（绝对不是很好的风格，但解决了你面临的问题）

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, 
                 String qName, Attributes attrs) throws SAXException 
         {
             if(qName.equalsIgnoreCase("Relationship"))
             {
                 .....
             }
             else if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase("Relationships") {
                  // do nothing
             }
             else 
             {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Element '" + 
                         qName + "' is not allowed here");
             }
         }

【讨论】：

@Joerg M. 嗯，是的，我知道错误从现在开始出现在哪里。但这是否意味着 localName 不是“关系”？如果是这种情况，我应该从什么开始访问“关系”？
看这个方法是一个回调处理程序。并且在 xml 中的每个开始标记上都会触发此回调处理程序......但此示例中的根元素“relationships”也是一个开始标记。您可以使用 elseif 轻松解决问题，处理 localName 等于“Relationships”的情况
@Joerg M. 好吧，我听从了您的建议，并添加了一个新的 else-if 语句来处理“关系”标签。但是，我仍然遇到同样的错误。我在原始代码中包含了我所做的更改。
@Joerg M. 刚刚对我的代码做了一些修改。我按照你说的做了，包括 else-if 语句，但是，与使用 LocalName 不同，我使用了 qName ...而且令人惊讶的是，它起作用了。现在......我不知道为什么会这样，因为从我收到的解释来看，人们告诉我他们基本上是一回事。你懂吗？ 编辑：代码中反映的更改
以我为例，将 localName 替换为 qName。您不会收到错误消息。我纠正了这个例子，一会儿。