这应该返回从索引startIndex 开始的最大子字符串,并且“完整”字素的长度最长为length...所以初始/最终“拆分”代理对将被删除,初始组合标记将被删除, 缺少组合标记的最终字符将被删除。
请注意,这可能不是您所要求的...您似乎想使用字形作为度量单位(或者您可能希望包含最后一个字形,即使它的长度会超过 length 参数)
public static class StringEx
{
public static string UnicodeSafeSubstring(this string str, int startIndex, int length)
{
if (str == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("str");
}
if (startIndex < 0 || startIndex > str.Length)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("startIndex");
}
if (length < 0)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("length");
}
if (startIndex + length > str.Length)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("length");
}
if (length == 0)
{
return string.Empty;
}
var sb = new StringBuilder(length);
int end = startIndex + length;
var enumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(str, startIndex);
while (enumerator.MoveNext())
{
string grapheme = enumerator.GetTextElement();
startIndex += grapheme.Length;
if (startIndex > length)
{
break;
}
// Skip initial Low Surrogates/Combining Marks
if (sb.Length == 0)
{
if (char.IsLowSurrogate(grapheme[0]))
{
continue;
}
UnicodeCategory cat = char.GetUnicodeCategory(grapheme, 0);
if (cat == UnicodeCategory.NonSpacingMark || cat == UnicodeCategory.SpacingCombiningMark || cat == UnicodeCategory.EnclosingMark)
{
continue;
}
}
sb.Append(grapheme);
if (startIndex == length)
{
break;
}
}
return sb.ToString();
}
}
在子字符串末尾仅包含“额外”字符的变体,如果有必要使整个字素:
public static class StringEx
{
public static string UnicodeSafeSubstring(this string str, int startIndex, int length)
{
if (str == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("str");
}
if (startIndex < 0 || startIndex > str.Length)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("startIndex");
}
if (length < 0)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("length");
}
if (startIndex + length > str.Length)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("length");
}
if (length == 0)
{
return string.Empty;
}
var sb = new StringBuilder(length);
int end = startIndex + length;
var enumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(str, startIndex);
while (enumerator.MoveNext())
{
if (startIndex >= length)
{
break;
}
string grapheme = enumerator.GetTextElement();
startIndex += grapheme.Length;
// Skip initial Low Surrogates/Combining Marks
if (sb.Length == 0)
{
if (char.IsLowSurrogate(grapheme[0]))
{
continue;
}
UnicodeCategory cat = char.GetUnicodeCategory(grapheme, 0);
if (cat == UnicodeCategory.NonSpacingMark || cat == UnicodeCategory.SpacingCombiningMark || cat == UnicodeCategory.EnclosingMark)
{
continue;
}
}
sb.Append(grapheme);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
}
这将返回您询问的内容"Hello? world!".UnicodeSafeSubstring(0, 6) == "Hello?"。