未定义列：7 错误：列不存在答案

【问题标题】：Undefined column: 7 ERROR: column does not exist未定义列：7 错误：列不存在
【发布时间】：2020-01-03 15:11:45
【问题描述】：

我正在使用 PostgreSQL。当我使用“”引号而不是“”时，会发生此错误。这很简单，我会告诉你。这个 SQL 查询给了我在问题标题中描述的错误

select "sub"."code", "sub"."customer_id", "sub"."data", "sub"."event_count", "sub"."created_at"
from (select "customer_event_types"."code",
             "customer_events"."customer_id",
             "customer_events"."data",
             count(customer_events.id)       event_count,
             max(customer_events.created_at) created_at
      from "customers"
               inner join "customer_events" on "customer_events"."customer_id" = "customers"."id"
               inner join "customer_event_types"
                          on "customer_events"."customer_event_type_id" = "customer_event_types"."id"
      group by "customer_event_types"."code", "customer_events"."customer_id", "customer_events"."data"
      having count(customer_events.id) = 1) as "sub"
where "sub"."code" = "registration"

您在最后一行看到“注册”吗？它给了我错误。

[42703] 错误：“注册”列不存在

这是正确代码的示例：

select "sub"."code", "sub"."customer_id", "sub"."data", "sub"."event_count", "sub"."created_at"
from (select "customer_event_types"."code",
             "customer_events"."customer_id",
             "customer_events"."data",
             count(customer_events.id)       event_count,
             max(customer_events.created_at) created_at
      from "customers"
               inner join "customer_events" on "customer_events"."customer_id" = "customers"."id"
               inner join "customer_event_types"
                          on "customer_events"."customer_event_type_id" = "customer_event_types"."id"
      group by "customer_event_types"."code", "customer_events"."customer_id", "customer_events"."data"
      having count(customer_events.id) = 1) as "sub"
where "sub"."code" = 'registration'

它对我有用。所以，问题。如何为 Eloquent ORM 解释我需要“注册”而不是“注册”？

这是我的 Eloquent 代码：

$set = DB::query()->fromSub(function ($query) {
    $query->from('customers')->select('customer_event_types.code',
        'customer_events.customer_id',
        'customer_events.data',
        DB::raw('count(customer_events.id) event_count'),
        DB::raw('max(customer_events.created_at) created_at'))
        ->join('customer_events', 'customer_events.customer_id', '=', 'customers.id')
        ->join('customer_event_types', 'customer_events.customer_event_type_id', 'customer_event_types.id')
        ->groupBy('customer_event_types.code', 'customer_events.customer_id', 'customer_events.data')
        ->having(DB::raw('count(customer_events.id)'), '=', 1);
}, 'sub')
    ->select('sub.code', 'sub.customer_id', 'sub.data', 'sub.event_count', 'sub.created_at')
    ->when($firstItem, function ($query, $events) {
        // making conditions where dynamic 

        $whereColumn = [];
        foreach ($events as $event) {

            $whereColumn[] = ["sub.code", "=", (string)$event->event_code];

            if (isset($event->after_than_minutes_ago) && !empty($event->after_than_minutes_ago) && is_numeric($event->after_than_minutes_ago)) {
                $whereColumn[] = ["sub.created_at", '>', Carbon::now()->subMinutes($event->after_than_minutes_ago)->toString()];
            }
            // произошло раньше, чем <число> минут назад
            if (isset($event->before_than_minutes_ago) && !empty($event->before_than_minutes_ago) && is_numeric($event->before_than_minutes_ago)) {
                $whereColumn[] = ["sub.created_at", '<', Carbon::now()->subMinutes($event->before_than_minutes_ago)->toString()];
            }

            $query->whereColumn($whereColumn);
            $whereColumn = [];
        }
        return $query;
    })
    ->get();

如您所见，此代码比 SQL 等效代码更难。它从输入数据中生成where 条件。但这似乎并不重要。我有同样的错误，与引号有关。

SQLSTATE[42703]：未定义列：7 错误：列“registration”不存在第 1 行：...r_events.id) = $1) as "sub" where ("sub"."code" = "registrat ... ^ (SQL: select "sub"."code", "sub"."customer_id", "sub"."data", "sub"."event_count", "sub"."created_at" from (select "customer_event_types"."code", "customer_events"."customer_id", "customer_events"."data", count(customer_events.id) event_count, max(customer_events.created_at) created_at from "customers" 内部加入 "customer_events" on " customer_events"."customer_id" = "customers"."id" 内部连接 "customer_event_types" on "customer_events"."customer_event_type_id" = "customer_event_types"."id" group by "customer_event_types"."code", "customer_events". customer_id", "customer_events"."data" 有 count(customer_events.id) = 1) 作为 "sub" where ("sub"."code" = "registration" and "sub"."created_at" > "Fri Aug 30 2019 10:03:14 GMT+0000" 和 "sub"."created_at"

【问题讨论】：

您的查询对我来说似乎是错误的。你为什么要这样做：select "sub"."code", "sub"."customer_id", "sub"."data", "sub"."event_count", "sub"."created_at" 而不是：select sub.code, sub.customer_id, sub.data, sub.event_count, sub.created_at？查询中的其他地方也是如此。
我刚刚复制了->toSql() 方法为我生成的代码。行查询有效。
我明白了。也许“列”有助于它区分 SQL 关键字和表/列。无论如何，您是否尝试过在 phpMyAdmin 或其他工具中手动运行此查询？
我在 DataGrip SQL 客户端中运行原始查询。我知道在任何列名（“column_name”）中添加 " 是不行的。但这只是 Eloquent 的输出。在这个问题上，我不知道如何要求 Eloquent 不要这样做。
这有帮助吗？ DB::connection()->setQueryGrammar(new PostgresGrammar());

标签： php laravel postgresql eloquent

【解决方案1】：

来自docs：

whereColumn 方法可用于验证两列是否相等：

您可能应该使用whereIn 或where 来验证列的值是否相等，而不是whereColumn 来验证两列是否相等。（那么应该用单引号正确生成查询）。

【讨论】：