Python-执行鼻子测试时出现断言错误答案

【问题标题】：Python- Assertion error when performing nosetestsPython-执行鼻子测试时出现断言错误
【发布时间】：2016-09-09 00:28:04
【问题描述】：

我是 web.py 的新手。我正在关注 ex52 LPTHW ，我必须对测试文件夹中的所有测试进行鼻子测试。但是由于断言错误，我得到了 1 次失败的测试。我尝试阅读不同的断言错误以及它们发生的原因，但我无法弄清楚这一点。我尝试扩展服务器可能显示的错误，例如 500 Internal ， 400 但它仍然未能通过测试。我已经创建了书中提到的其他代码：http://learnpythonthehardway.org/book/ex52.html

这是我的回溯：

C:\lpthw\gothonweb>cd tests

C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests>nosetests
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\application.py", line 239, in process
    return self.handle()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\application.py", line 230, in handle
    return self._delegate(fn, self.fvars, args)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\application.py", line 420, in _delegate
    return handle_class(cls)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\application.py", line 396, in handle_class
    return tocall(*args)
  File "C:\lpthw\gothonweb\bin\app.py", line 29, in GET
    return render.hello_form()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\template.py", line 1017, in __getattr__
    t = self._template(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\template.py", line 1014, in _template
    return self._load_template(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\web\template.py", line 1001, in _load_template
    raise AttributeError, "No template named " + name
AttributeError: No template named hello_form

F...
======================================================================
FAIL: tests.app_tests.test_index
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\case.py", line 197, in runTest
    self.test(*self.arg)
  File "C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests\app_tests.py", line 12, in test_index
    assert_response(resp)
  File "C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests\tools.py", line 5, in assert_response
    assert status in resp.status, "Expected response %r not in %r" % (status , resp.status)
AssertionError: Expected response '200' not in '500 Internal Server Error'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 4 tests in 0.562s

FAILED (failures=1)

我的测试代码：app_tests.py

from nose.tools import *
from bin.app import app
from tests.tools import assert_response

def test_index():
    #check that we get a 404 on the / URL
    resp = app.request("/")
    assert_response(resp, status= "404")

    #test our first GET request to /hello
    resp = app.request("/hello")
    assert_response(resp)

    #make sure default values work for the form 
    resp = app.request("/hello" , method="POST")
    assert_response(resp , contains="Nobody")

    #test that we get expected values
    data = {'name':'Tejas','greet':'Ola!'}
    resp = app.request("/hello " , method= "POST", data=data)
    assert_response(resp , contains="Zed")

工具.py：

from nose.tools import *
import re

def assert_response(resp, contains=None, matches=None, headers=None, status= "200"):
    assert status in resp.status, "Expected response %r not in %r" % (status , resp.status)

    if status == "200":
        assert resp.data , "Response data is empty."

    if contains:
        assert contains in resp.data, "Response does not contain %r" % contains 

    if matches:
        reg = re.compile(matches)
        assert reg.matches(resp.data), "Response does not match %r" % matches 

    if headers:
        assert_equal(resp.headers , headers)

app.py 代码：

import web 
from gothonweb import map 

urls = (
       '/game' , 'GameEngine' ,
       '/' , 'Index',
        )

app = web.application(urls, globals())
#little hack so that debug mode works with sessions
if web.config.get('_session') is None:
    store= web.session.DiskStore('sessions')
    session= web.session.Session(app, store, initializer={'room':None})
    web.config._session = session 
else:
    session= web.config._session

render = web.template.render('templates/', base="layout")   

class Index(object):
    def GET(self):
        #this is used to "setup" the session with starting values
        session.room= map.START
        web.seeother("/game")

class GameEngine(object):
    def GET(self):
        if session.room:
            return render.show_room(room= session.room)
        else:
            #why is there here? do you need it?
             return render.you_died()

    def POST(self):
        form= web.input(action=None)

        if session.room and form.action:
            session.room= session.room.go(form.action)
        else:
            session.room= None        


if __name__ == "__main__" :
    app.run()

现在继续练习后，它给了我 2 个导入错误：

PS C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests> nosetests
EE
======================================================================
ERROR: Failure: SyntaxError (invalid syntax (app.py, line 2))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\loader.py", line 418, in loadTestsFromName
    addr.filename, addr.module)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\importer.py", line 47, in importFromPath
    return self.importFromDir(dir_path, fqname)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\importer.py", line 94, in importFromDir
    mod = load_module(part_fqname, fh, filename, desc)
  File "C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests\app_tests.py", line 2, in <module>
    from bin.app import app
  File "C:\lpthw\gothonweb\bin\app.py", line 2
    from gothonweb import map.py
                             ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

======================================================================
ERROR: Failure: ImportError (cannot import name map)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\loader.py", line 418, in loadTestsFromName
    addr.filename, addr.module)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\importer.py", line 47, in importFromPath
    return self.importFromDir(dir_path, fqname)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\nose\importer.py", line 94, in importFromDir
    mod = load_module(part_fqname, fh, filename, desc)
  File "C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests\map_tests.py", line 2, in <module>
    from gothonweb import map
ImportError: cannot import name map

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.002s

FAILED (errors=2)

目录结构：

C:/lpthw/
    gothonweb/
    bin build dist doc sessions Gothonweb templates tests map.py app.py 
tests/
map_tests.py
app_tests.py
__init__.py
tools.py

我应该怎么做才能修复错误？感谢您的建议。

【问题讨论】：

AssertionError 不是您的问题，而是您应该调查的 AttributeError。
更具体地说，您的错误位于 app.py 中的第 29 行，您尚未提供代码。
我已经用 app.py 代码更新了它，但我认为我们必须在练习中提前更改 app.py，所以它与之前的 app.py 不同，因为我们必须添加一些事情。
你还在报错吗？
现在当我运行鼻子测试时，我得到 2 个错误：都给出导入错误：无法从 gothonweb 导入地图。我不知道出了什么问题，因为结构对我来说是正确的，并且 import 语句就像书中给出的那样。

标签： python-2.7 web.py

【解决方案1】：

对于这个错误，

"AttributeError: 没有名为 hello_form 的模板"

使用绝对路径，看看是否可行，而不是

"render = web.template.render('templates/', base="layout")

试试：

"render = web.template.render('C:/lpthw/gothonweb/bin/templates', base="layout")

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

令人惊讶的是，您的测试与 app.py 无关。

from nose.tools import *
from bin.app import app
from tests.tools import assert_response

def test_index():
    #check that we get a 404 on the / URL
    resp = app.request("/")
    assert_response(resp, status= "404")

    #test our first GET request to /hello
    resp = app.request("/hello")
    assert_response(resp)

    #make sure default values work for the form 
    resp = app.request("/hello" , method="POST")
    assert_response(resp , contains="Nobody")

    #test that we get expected values
    data = {'name':'Tejas','greet':'Ola!'}
    resp = app.request("/hello " , method= "POST", data=data)
    assert_response(resp , contains="Zed")

应用程序.py

import web 
from gothonweb import map 

urls = (
       '/game' , 'GameEngine' ,
       '/' , 'Index',
        )

app = web.application(urls, globals())
#little hack so that debug mode works with sessions
if web.config.get('_session') is None:
    store= web.session.DiskStore('sessions')
    session= web.session.Session(app, store, initializer={'room':None})
    web.config._session = session 
else:
    session= web.config._session

render = web.template.render('templates/', base="layout")   

class Index(object):
    def GET(self):
        #this is used to "setup" the session with starting values
        session.room= map.START
        web.seeother("/game")

class GameEngine(object):
    def GET(self):
        if session.room:
            return render.show_room(room= session.room)
        else:
            #why is there here? do you need it?
             return render.you_died()

    def POST(self):
        form= web.input(action=None)

        if session.room and form.action:
            session.room= session.room.go(form.action)
        else:
            session.room= None        


if __name__ == "__main__" :
    app.run()

你能看出，它们是如何不相关的

您的第一个测试表明您应该在“/”网址上获得 404，但只有在“/”不存在时才会发生这种情况。您的 app.py 代码清楚地显示了 Index 类中对 GET 的“/”调用。

第二次测试，resp = app.request("/hello") 现在会给你一个 404 错误，因为 app.py 上不存在该 url

第三个测试也是如此，因为 app.py 中的 url 元组中不存在“/hello”

还有第五个测试

虽然您的测试无效，但您遇到的主要问题是尝试从测试目录中执行自动化测试；这是错误的。

C:\lpthw\gothonweb\tests> nosetests

这不是正确的做法，您需要成为下面的目录才能使所有导入工作，例如在 app_tests 中，您尝试导入 bin/app.py 但它不在“测试”目录中

改为这样做

C:\lpthw\gothonweb> nosetests

这样您需要的所有文件都将被导入
回到 app_tests.py。我会写一个非常简单的测试，它实际上与 app.py 相关

 from bin.app import app
 from test.tools import assert_response

def test_index():
    #check that we get a 303 on the / url
    #this is because web.seeother() will always send the browser this http code
    resp = app.request("/")
    assert_response(resp, status= "303")

def test_game():
    #check that we get a 200 on /game
    resp = app.request("/game")
    assert_response(resp, status = '200')

    #check that we have response data on a form sumbit
    resp = app.request("/game", method = 'POST')
    aseert_response(resp.data)

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

你得到的 assertion_error 因为你在这个目录中运行了nosetests

/gothroweb/test

你应该运行它 /gothroweb

bin  docs  gothonweb  templates  tests

./bin:
app.py  app.pyc  __init__.py  __init__.pyc

./docs:

./gothonweb:
__init__.py  __init__.pyc

./templates:
hello_form.html  index.html  layout.html

./tests:
app_tests.py   __init__.py   test.html  tools.pyc
app_tests.pyc  __init__.pyc  tools.py

干杯

【讨论】：