无法加载本机 TensorFlow 运行时：导入 tensorflow 时出错

Question

我在 Ubuntu 17.04 32 位上从源代码构建了 TensorFlow

我在导入 tensorflow 时收到此消息

palash@ash:~$python

Python 3.6.0 |Anaconda 4.3.1 (32-bit)| (default, Dec 23 2016, 12:22:10) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tensorflow
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 61, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow', fp, pathname, description)
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/imp.py", line 242, in load_module
    return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic
    return _load(spec)
ImportError: /home/palash/anaconda3/bin/../lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found (required by /home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/_pywrap_tensorflow.so)

在处理上述异常的过程中，又发生了一个异常：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 72, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 61, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow', fp, pathname, description)
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/imp.py", line 242, in load_module
    return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "/home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/imp.py", line 342, in load_dynamic
    return _load(spec)
ImportError: /home/palash/anaconda3/bin/../lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found (required by /home/palash/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/_pywrap_tensorflow.so)

无法加载原生 TensorFlow 运行时。

见https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/g3doc/get_started/os_setup.md#import_error

出于一些常见原因和解决方案。包括整个堆栈跟踪 寻求帮助时出现此错误消息。

my bazel info:
palash@ash:~$ bazel version
Build label: 0.4.5- (@non-git)
Build target: bazel-out/local-opt/bin/src/main/java/com/google/devtools/build/lib/bazel/BazelServer_deploy.jar
Build time: Fri May 19 01:31:26 2017 (1495157486)
Build timestamp: 1495157486
Build timestamp as int: 1495157486

my TensorFlow version : 1.0.1

Answer 1

我从某种意义上找到了解决方案，它似乎是 tensorflow 1.6 或更高版本中的一些兼容性错误。

将 tensorflow 降级到 1.5 版解决了我的问题。

为此，我建议使用pip uninstall tensorflow 卸载 tensorflow 1.8 版，然后使用pip install tensorflow==1.5 再次安装 1.5 版。

此外，我还建议卸载并重新安装 keras 库。

Answer 2

这可能是因为兼容性问题。对于我的 Ubuntu 18 服务器，我必须使用 tensorflow==1.12，它现在可以工作了。

尝试从最新版本（1.12，现在 2019 年 3 月 26 日）降级，看看哪个版本有效。

这个脚本尝试一个版本（trytfver.sh）：

pip uninstall tensorflow -y
pip install --user tensorflow==$1
python -c "import tensorflow as tf; tf.enable_eager_execution(); print(tf.reduce_sum(tf.random_normal([1000, 1000])))"

尝试如下：

bash trytfver.sh 1.12
bash trytfver.sh 1.11
bash trytfver.sh 1.10
bash trytfver.sh 1.9
bash trytfver.sh 1.8
bash trytfver.sh ...

并查看是否出现任何“未定义符号”错误，例如我在 1.11 上有错误。