Cygwin 32 和 Python 2.7.5：psycopg2 安装错误答案

【问题标题】：Cygwin 32 and Python 2.7.5: psycopg2 installation errorCygwin 32 和 Python 2.7.5：psycopg2 安装错误
【发布时间】：2013-08-21 19:12:41
【问题描述】：

在我的previous question 中，我描述了我们的情况：我们的开发人员将在 Windows 7 - 64 位的 cygwin 环境中使用 python，但是测试在构建期间以及在 linux 上自动执行。我们在使用 cygwin64 时遇到了一些问题，所以现在我们尝试在 cygwin32 上使用 python。

遗憾的是，在安装 psycopg2 期间，似乎同时使用 64 位和 32 位版本的 PostgreSQL 9.2 会导致 gcc 编译错误。 32位版本安装日志：

$ pip install psycopg2

...

下载/解压 psycopg2 下载 psycopg2-2.5.1.tar.gz (684kB)：已下载 684kB 为包 psycopg2 运行 setup.py egg_info

安装收集的包：psycopg2 为 psycopg2 运行 setup.py install 构建“psycopg2._psycopg”扩展 gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -ggdb -O2 -pipe -fdebug-prefix-map=/home/jt/rel/python-2.7.3-1/python-2.7.3-1/build=/usr/src/调试/python-2.7.3-1 -fdebug-prefix-map=/home/jt/rel/python-2.7.3-1/python-2.7.3-1/src/Python-2.7.3=/usr/ src/debug/python-2.7.3-1 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.5.1 (dt dec pq3 ext)" -DPG_VERSION_HEX=0x090204 -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIONS= 1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -I/usr/include/python2.7 -I。 -IC:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include -IC:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/server -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.cygwin-1.7.24 -i686-2.7/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o

In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:307:8: error: redefinition of ‘struct timespec’
In file included from /usr/include/stdio.h:47:0,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/sys/types.h:130:8: note: originally defined here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:571:24: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:178:45: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:572:34: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_attr_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:182:50: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_attr_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:573:32: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_once_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:193:1: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_once_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:574:33: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_key_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:181:49: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_key_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:575:35: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_mutex_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:179:51: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_mutex_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:576:39: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_mutexattr_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:183:55: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_mutexattr_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:577:34: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_cond_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:185:50: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_cond_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:578:38: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_condattr_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:184:54: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_condattr_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:580:36: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_rwlock_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:195:52: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_rwlock_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:581:40: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_rwlockattr_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:196:56: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_rwlockattr_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:582:38: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_spinlock_t’
In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:473:0,
                 from /usr/include/stdio.h:47,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:33,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/cygwin/types.h:194:54: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_spinlock_t’ was here
In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:120:0,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:33,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:1131:31: error: conflicting types for ‘pthread_kill’
In file included from /usr/include/signal.h:5:0,
                 from /usr/include/time.h:138,
                 from /usr/include/sys/select.h:24,
                 from /usr/include/cygwin/sys_time.h:13,
                 from /usr/include/sys/time.h:61,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/pyport.h:319,
                 from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:58,
                 from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,
                 from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:
/usr/include/sys/signal.h:170:5: note: previous declaration of ‘pthread_kill’ was here
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

...

C:/PROGRA~2/POSTGR~1/9.2/include/pthread.h:1131:31：错误：“pthread_kill”的类型冲突

在 /usr/include/signal.h:5:0 包含的文件中，

             from /usr/include/time.h:138,

             from /usr/include/sys/select.h:24,

             from /usr/include/cygwin/sys_time.h:13,

             from /usr/include/sys/time.h:61,

             from /usr/include/python2.7/pyport.h:319,

             from /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h:58,

             from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:30,

             from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:27:

/usr/include/sys/signal.h:170:5: 注意：之前声明的‘pthread_kill’在这里错误：命令“gcc”失败，退出状态为 1

...

我们安装了 cygwin 安装包附带的标准 Gcc 和 PostgreSQL 库。下一步该做什么？

非常感谢您：乔，公众

【问题讨论】：

标签： python-2.7 cygwin postgresql-9.2 psycopg2

【解决方案1】：

与 PostgreSQL 安装程序捆绑在一起的 libpq 使用 Microsoft Visual Studio 编译为原生 Windows 二进制文件。

如果从 Cygwin 链接到它碰巧有效，那主要是运气。这不是一个好主意。您确实需要使用为 Cygwin 构建的 libpq 和 Cygwin 程序。

坦率地说，我认为这些天你最好只使用本机 Windows 并完全避免使用 Cygwin。当您需要类似 unix 的构建系统时，您可以将 mingw 编译器与 msys 一起使用，并且正确编写的 Windows 兼容代码可以很好地处理混合 mingw 和 msvc 编译的二进制文件。

在你的情况下，我只需要install ActivePython，或者我会安装stock Python build，然后是add psycopg2 myself。

【讨论】：

非常感谢克雷格！不幸的是，由于“pexpect”平台依赖性，我们不能使用现有的 python 解决方案。您能否详细说明如何使用 cygwin libpq？我在 cygwin 安装过程中安装了“PostgreSQL 的客户端 C 库”。接下来做什么？提前感谢：乔
@JoePublic 确保 cygwin 客户端库中包含的 pg_config 在您的 PATH 上，并且 c:\program files\PostgreSQL\... 在您的 PATH 上不。应该这样做。
谢谢克雷格！实际上，我们决定以两种并行的方式继续前进：重新实现我们的库以在 windows 上使用 winpexpect，否则在 linux 上使用虚拟工具箱。正如您所说：如果“Cygwin 恰好工作，那主要是运气”。
@JoePublic “虚拟工具箱”？