如何在 Django Rest Framework 中为外键显示字段值而不是 id，以确保所有字段都像以前一样在 DRF HTML 表单上显示

Question

型号：

class Person(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.first_name + ' ' + self.last_name
        
        
class Gender(models.Model):
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=1)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.gender
        
        
class Details(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Person, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    dob = models.DateField()
    gender = models.ForeignKey(Gender, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)

序列化器：

class PersonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Person
        fields = '__all__'


class GenderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Gender
        fields = '__all__'


class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    
    class Meta:
        model = Profile
        fields = ['name', 'dob', 'gender']

目前我得到的输出低于输出：

[
    {
        "name": 1,
        "dob": "1990-05-19",
        "gender": 1
    }
]

其中 id 1 代表 Person = "John Smith" 和 id 1 代表性别是 "Male" .我在stackoverflow上有几个解决方案，例如：

• How to get foreignkey field name insted of id in django rest framework
• Retrieving a Foreign Key value with django-rest-framework serializers

所有这些方法都有效，但是 Django Rest 框架将外键设置为只读，并且这些字段不再出现在 DRF HTML 表单中。我的问题是如何显示外键字段值而不是 id 确保 DRF HTML 表单仍然像以前一样显示这些字段

Answer 1

重写 ProfileSerializer 类的 to_representation 方法

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Profile
        fields = ['name', 'dob', 'gender']

    def to_representation(self, instance):
        rep = super().to_representation(instance)
        rep['gender'] = GenderSerializer(instance.gender).data
        return rep

Answer 2

如果你不想覆盖to_representation()，你可以创建一个SerializerMethodField：

class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    name = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = Profile
        fields = ['name', 'dob', 'gender']

    # this method is called to get the value of field `name`
    def get_name(self, profile):
          return profile.name.name