Django 相关模型和 UpdateView 字段

Question

我创建了一个模型 (UserSettings) 来通过 OneToOneField 扩展 django 的用户模型（按照文档的建议）：

class UserSettings(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, primary_key=True)
    subscribeToMails = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    [...]

我希望为我的用户提供一种方法来编辑他们的一些个人资料数据，其中一些存储在 User 模型（电子邮件地址）中，其余的存储在 UserSettings 模型中。我该怎么做？

我想到了两种方法：在 UserSettings 模型中为电子邮件地址字段添加另一个 OneToOneField；或覆盖 UpdateView get_queryset() 方法（但我不确定如何）。有没有最佳或推荐的方法来做到这一点？到目前为止，这是我的观点：

class EditUser(UpdateView):
    model = UserSettings
    fields = ('emailVisible', 'subscribeToMails', 'mpPopupNotif',
              'mpEmailNotif', 'avatar', 'quote', 'website')
    template_name = 'user/edit.html'

    def get_object(self):
        return UserSettings.objects.get(user_id=self.request.user)

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('user:edit')

Answer 1

感谢您的回复！然而，由于我不知道如何完成这项工作，并且认为使用两个表最终导致我的口味过于混乱，我最终选择了更简单的路线并将 AbstractUser 子类化：

# models.py
class ForumUser(AbstractUser):
    subscribeToMails = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    [...]

# views.py
class EditUser(LoginRequiredMixin, UpdateView):
    model = ForumUser
    fields = ('email', 'emailVisible', 'subscribeToMails', 'mpPopupNotif',
              'mpEmailNotif', 'avatar', 'quote', 'website')
    template_name = 'user/edit.html'
    success_url = reverse_lazy('forum:welcome')

    def get_object(self):
        return ForumUser.objects.get(username=self.request.user)

我只需要更改我的注册表：

# forms.py
class RegisterForm(UserCreationForm):
    email = forms.EmailField(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = ForumUser
        fields = ('username', 'email', 'password1', 'password2')

    def clean_email(self):
        "Ensure registered emails are unique."
        email = self.cleaned_data.get('email')
        username = self.cleaned_data.get('username')
        if email and ForumUser.objects.filter(email=email).exclude(
                username=username).count():
            raise forms.ValidationError('Email address already in use.')
        return email

    def clean_username(self):
        """
        UserCreationForm method where mentions of the User model are replaced
        by the custom AbstractUser model (here, ForumUser).
        https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/19353#no1
        and https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/_modules/django/contrib/
        auth/forms/#UserCreationForm
        """
        username = self.cleaned_data["username"]
        try:
            ForumUser.objects.get(username=username)
        except ForumUser.DoesNotExist:
            return username
        raise forms.ValidationError(
            self.error_messages['duplicate_username'],
            code='duplicate_username',
        )

Answer 2

使用这个解决方案：

将User 和UserSettings 混合成这样的形式：

class EmployeeEditForm(forms.ModelForm):
    #fields from User model that you want to edit
    first_name = forms.CharField(required=False, label=_('First Name'))
    last_name = forms.CharField(required=False, label=_('Last Name'))

    class Meta:
        model = UserSettings
        fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'subscribeToMails')

您可以像这样访问views.py 中的User 和UserSettings 对象：

user = request.user
usersettings = user.usersettings

现在您可以像这样编辑User 对象：

user.first_name = request.POST['first_name']
user.last_name = request.POST['last_name']
user.save()

然后像这样编辑UserSettings：

usersettings.subscribeToMails = request.POST['subscribeToMails']
usersettings.save() 

Answer 3

Formsets 是最好的方法。

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/forms/formsets/