TypeError：用户（）得到了一个意外的关键字参数“is_staff”

Question

我是 django 的新手。我想创建一个登录、注册 API，所以我在 Internet 上找到了一个解决方案。但它不是用户我自己的用户模型，它使用django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser。我不需要AbtractUser 的某些字段，所以我给它=none。 这是我的模型代码：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.postgres.fields import ArrayField
from django.contrib.postgres.fields import JSONField
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

# Create your models here.

# class User(models.Model):
#     name = models.CharField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512)
#     username = models.CharField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512, unique=True)
#     email = models.EmailField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512, unique=True)
#     password = models.CharField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512)
#     status = models.CharField(null=True,blank=True, max_length=512)
#     role = models.IntegerField(null=False, blank=False, default=1)
#     USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'
#     REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
#     def __str__(self):
#         return self.username

class User(AbstractUser):
    last_login = None
    is_staff = None
    is_superuser = None
    first_name = None
    last_name = None
    name = models.CharField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512)
    username = models.CharField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512, unique=True)
    email = models.EmailField(null=False,blank=False, max_length=512, unique=True)
    status = models.CharField(null=True,blank=True, max_length=512)
    role = models.IntegerField(null=False, blank=False, default=1)
    USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = []

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

class Category(models.Model):
    title = models.TextField(null=False, blank=False)
    description = models.TextField(null=False, blank=False)

 
class Question(models.Model):
    title = models.TextField(null=False, blank=False)
    description = models.TextField(null=False, blank=True)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choices = models.JSONField(null=False, blank=False)
    answer = models.TextField(null=False,blank=False)
    level = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)

但我无法使用我的超级用户登录我的 Django 管理员。我创建了新的超级用户，但出现错误TypeError: User() got an unexpected keyword argument 'is_staff'

我创建超级用户的命令：python manage.py createsuperuser

我不明白为什么我的模型会影响我的应用超级用户。任何人都可以为我解释并给我一些解决方案。

这是我在序列化程序中的代码：

from django.contrib.postgres import fields
from rest_framework import serializers
from app.models import User, Question, Category

class RegistrationSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    email = serializers.EmailField(max_length=50, min_length=6)
    username = serializers.CharField(max_length=50, min_length=6)
    password = serializers.CharField(max_length=150, write_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['id', 'name','email', 'username', 'password', 'role']
    def validate(self, args):
        email = args.get('email', None)
        username = args.get('username', None)
        if User.objects.filter(email=email).exists():
            raise serializers.ValidationError({'email': ('Email already exists')})
        if User.objects.filter(username=username).exists():
            raise serializers.ValidationError({'username': ('Username already exists')})

        return super().validate(args)
  

    # def create(self, validated_data):
    #     return User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)

class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['id', 'name', 'username', 'email', 'role']

class CategorySerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Category
        fields = ['id', 'title', 'description']

class QuestionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # category = CategorySerializer(read_only=False)
    class Meta:
        model = Question
        fields = ['id', 'description', 'category', 'choices', 'answer', 'level']

这是我在视图中的代码：

from django.db.models import query
from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework import generics
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework import permissions
import uuid
from app.models import User, Category, Question
from app.serializers import UserSerializer, QuestionSerializer,  CategorySerializer, RegistrationSerializer

from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404

# Create your views here.

class RegistrationAPIView(generics.GenericAPIView):

    serializer_class = RegistrationSerializer
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)
    def post(self, request):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data = request.data)
        if(serializer.is_valid()):
            serializer.save()
            return Response({
                "RequestId": str(uuid.uuid4()),
                "Message": "User created successfully",
                
                "User": serializer.data}, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED
                )
        
        return Response({"Errors": serializer.errors}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class ListUsersAPIView(APIView):
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)
    def get(self, request):
        listUser = User.objects.all()
        info = UserSerializer(listUser, many = True)
        return Response(data = info.data, status = status.HTTP_200_OK)

    # def post(self, request, format=None):
    #     serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
    #     if serializer.is_valid():
    #         serializer.save()
    #         return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
    #     return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class DetailUsersAPIView(APIView):
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)
    def get(self,request, id):
        try: 
            user = get_object_or_404(User, pk=id)
            data = UserSerializer(user).data
            return Response(data, status = status.HTTP_200_OK)
        except:
            return Response("Error",status = status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)

    def patch(self, request, id):
        user = get_object_or_404(Users, pk=id)
        serializer = UserSerializer(user, data=request.data, partial=True)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

class CategoryViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)
    serializer_class = CategorySerializer
    queryset = Category.objects.all()

class QuestionViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)
    serializer_class = QuestionSerializer
    queryset = Question.objects.all()

非常感谢。

Answer 1

您需要define your own UserManager [Django-doc] 注册用户，而不使用is_staff、is_superuser 等。此管理器用于创建用户对象。由于您已将is_staff、is_superuser 等字段设置为None，因此这些不再是模型字段。

因此，您应该实现自己的用户管理器，该管理器将不再尝试在用户模型中设置这些字段。所以这意味着它看起来像：

from django.contrib.auth.models import UserManager

class CustomUserManager(UserManager):
    def create_user(self, username, email=None, password=None, **extra_fields):
        return self._create_user(username, email, password, **extra_fields)

    def create_superuser(self, username, email=None, password=None, **extra_fields):
        return self._create_user(username, email, password, **extra_fields)

此UserManager 不会将is_staff 和/或is_superuser 添加到使用的字段中。因此，您将 CutomUserManager 作为 objects 管理器分配给用户模型：

class User(AbstractUser):
    # ⋮
    objects = CustomUserModel()