Django REST 框架：在 get_object_or_404 中使用“pk”

Question

我是 Django REST 框架的初学者，我正在构建一个应用程序来总结带有标题的文章。我试图从Article 模型中获取信息以传递到Summary 之一。我无法理解在这种情况下使用get_object_or_404（如何实例化模型）以及如何使用pk 参数。我尝试将status URL 更改为status/<int:article_id> 并将article 作为pk 传递，但是在运行POST 请求时我得到了404。我被困在如何使用该论点上。如何正确使用 get_object_or_404 从我的请求中实例化模型？

views.py：

import json
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from django.http import HttpResponse, JsonResponse
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from .models import *


@api_view(['POST'])
def get_summary(request, pk):
    article = get_object_or_404(Article, pk=pk)
    mdl = Summary()
    return JsonResponse(mdl.preprocess(article.content), safe=False)

models.py：

# Article class
class Article(models.Model):
    headings = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    content = models.CharField(max_length=500000)


# Summary results class (so far)
class Summary(models.Model):
    preprocessor = TextPreprocessor()
    in_text = models.CharField(max_length=500000)
    topics = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def preprocess(self, text):
        return self.preprocessor.preprocess(text)

urls.py：

from django.urls import path, include
from rest_framework import routers
from .api import *
from .views import *

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register('my_api', SummaryViewSet, 'api')

urlpatterns = [
    path('api/', include(router.urls)),
    path('status/', get_summary)
]

Answer 1

get_object_or_404 结果在名称中。如果找不到对象，这将引发错误。因此，您在视图中获得了 404，这是因为该对象尚不存在。您可能会将此与 get_or_create 混淆。我将向您展示一个使用基于函数的视图的解决方案。

https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/views/

https://www.django-rest-framework.org/tutorial/2-requests-and-responses/

@api_view(['GET','POST'])
def get_summary(request, pk):
    mdl = Summary()
    if request.method == 'GET':
        article = get_object_or_404(Article, pk=pk)
        return JsonResponse(mdl.preprocess(article.content), safe=False)
    # this will run on POST
    article = Article()
    article.heading, article.content = request.data['heading'], request.POST['content']
    article.save()
    return JsonResponse(mdl.preprocess(article.content), safe=False)

=============================

您可能会从使用 CBV 中受益

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

class GetSummary(APIView):
    
    def get(self, request, pk):
        ..run get logic above..
        return Response(..any data from serialer or even a string)
  
    def post(self, request, pk):
        ...run post logic above

另外，只需将内容的模型属性设置为像这样的文本字段..

models.py

class Article(models.Model):
    headings = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    content = models.TextField()