django：从 html 获取用户输入，对其进行处理并在同一页面中显示输出答案

【问题标题】：django: taking user input from html, processing it and showing output in the same pagedjango：从 html 获取用户输入，对其进行处理并在同一页面中显示输出
【发布时间】：2021-05-07 14:02:46
【问题描述】：

我是 Django 的新手，并且停留在特定的点上。我想从进入数据库的 html 中获取用户输入，使用特定的 python 脚本对其进行处理并将结果返回到同一个 html 页面。

我希望用户在“exam_score”行中输入分数，然后使用特定的 python 脚本处理该输入，然后将结果输出到“uni_name_1_result”。目前，只打印 'Hello world' 的 python 脚本就足够了，只是想了解它是如何完成的。

不胜感激。

models.py

from django.db import models
from django.core.validators import MaxValueValidator, MinValueValidator

# Create your models here.
class User(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=254,unique=True)
    exam_score = models.FloatField(null=True, validators=[MinValueValidator(0.0),MaxValueValidator(700)])
    uni_name_1 = models.CharField(max_length=254)
    uni_name_1_result = models.CharField(max_length=254)

forms.py

  from django import forms
    from django.core import validators
    from ielts_app.models import User
    
    class NewUserForm(forms.ModelForm):
        # validations can be set here
    
        class Meta():
            model = User
            fields = '__all__'

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
# from ielts_app import forms
from ielts_app.forms import NewUserForm
# from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

def index(request):
    return render(request,'ielts_app/index.html')

def users(request):
    form = NewUserForm()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = NewUserForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            variable:form.cleaned_data
            form.save(commit=True)   # to save forum data (user data), commit=True to database
            # return HttpResponseRedirect('/THANKS/')
            return index(request)  # return back to homeage after getting user data
        else:
            print("ERROR!")
    return render(request,'ielts_app/users.html',{'form':form})

users.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Users</title>
    <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Please Sign Up:</h1>
    <div class="container">
      <form method="POST">
        {{ form.as_p }}
        {% csrf_token %}
        <input type="submit" class='btn btn-primary' value="Submit">
      </form>

    </div>

  </body>
</html>

【问题讨论】：

标签： django django-models django-views django-forms django-database

【解决方案1】：

您可以按照以下方式进行。

from django import forms
    from django.core import validators
    from ielts_app.models import User
    
    class NewUserForm(forms.ModelForm):
        # validations can be set here
    
        class Meta():
            model = User
            fields = ('exam_score',)

并在你的 user.html 中执行此操作。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Users</title>
    <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
 

     </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Please Sign Up:</h1>
        <div class="container">
          <form method="POST">
            {% for field in form %}
            {{ form.as_p }}
             {{ field }}
            {% endfor %}
            {% csrf_token %}
            <input type="submit" class='btn btn-primary' value="Submit">
          </form>
    
        </div>
    
      </body>
    </html>

最好将模型重命名为其他模型名称，因为它可能与 django 给出的用户模型冲突。

【讨论】：

嗨，感谢 cmets。它给了我错误：django.db.utils.IntegrityError：唯一约束失败：tqdk_app_unisurvey.email。我仍然不确定如何从“exam_score”获取用户输入，在后端使用另一个 python 脚本处理它，然后将结果返回到相同的 html。