【发布时间】：2018-01-11 06:22:45
【问题描述】：
我已成功聘请 Photologue 来展示galleries of regularly-created data plot images。当然，现在能力已经建立，大量的数据图正在被创建，它们需要共享！
下一步是使用 Django shell 中的manage.py 编写上传图像并将其添加到画廊的过程；但是，作为 Django 的业余爱好者，我遇到了一些困难。
这里是我目前开发的自定义命令addphoto.py：
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError
from django.utils import timezone
from photologue.models import Photo, Gallery
import os
from datetime import datetime
import pytz
class Command(BaseCommand):
help = 'Adds a photo to Photologue.'
def add_arguments(self, parser):
parser.add_argument('imagefile', type=str)
parser.add_argument('--title', type=str)
parser.add_argument('--date_added', type=str, help="datetime string in 'YYYY-mm-dd HH:MM:SS' format [UTC]")
parser.add_argument('--gallery', type=str)
def handle(self, *args, **options):
imagefile = options['imagefile']
if options['title']:
title = options['title']
else:
base = os.path.basename(imagefile)
title = os.path.splitext(base)[0]
if options['date_added']:
date_added = datetime.strptime(options['date_added'],'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').replace(tzinfo=pytz.UTC)
else:
date_added = timezone.now()
p = Photo(image=imagefile, title=title, date_added=date_added)
p.save()
不幸的是，当使用--traceback 执行时，结果如下：
./manage.py addphoto '../dataplots/monitoring/test.png' --traceback
Failed to read EXIF DateTimeOriginal
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 494, in save
exif_date = self.EXIF(self.image.file).get('EXIF DateTimeOriginal', None)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/files.py", line 51, in _get_file
self._file = self.storage.open(self.name, 'rb')
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 38, in open
return self._open(name, mode)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 300, in _open
return File(open(self.path(name), mode))
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 405, in path
return safe_join(self.location, name)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/_os.py", line 78, in safe_join
'component ({})'.format(final_path, base_path))
django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousFileOperation: The joined path (/home/user/mysite/dataplots/monitoring/test.png) is located outside of the base path component (/home/user/mysite/media)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/management/commands/addphoto.py", line 36, in handle
p.save()
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 553, in save
super(Photo, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 504, in save
self.pre_cache()
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 472, in pre_cache
self.create_size(photosize)
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 411, in create_size
if self.size_exists(photosize):
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 364, in size_exists
if self.image.storage.exists(func()):
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 392, in exists
return os.path.exists(self.path(name))
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 405, in path
return safe_join(self.location, name)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/_os.py", line 78, in safe_join
'component ({})'.format(final_path, base_path))
django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousFileOperation: The joined path (/home/user/mysite/dataplots/monitoring/cache/test_thumbnail.png) is located outside of the base path component (/home/user/mysite/media)
显然，图像文件的副本没有放在media/ 目录中。此外，虽然 image、title 和 date_added 列已填充到网站数据库的 photologue_photos 表中，但 slug 列未填充。
如何将文件上传到MEDIA_ROOT目录？
以下是 Photologue models.py 文件中 Photo 和 ImageModel 模型的相关 sn-ps，供参考：
class Photo(ImageModel):
title = models.CharField(_('title'),
max_length=250,
unique=True)
slug = models.SlugField(_('slug'),
unique=True,
max_length=250,
help_text=_('A "slug" is a unique URL-friendly title for an object.'))
caption = models.TextField(_('caption'),
blank=True)
date_added = models.DateTimeField(_('date added'),
default=now)
is_public = models.BooleanField(_('is public'),
default=True,
help_text=_('Public photographs will be displayed in the default views.'))
sites = models.ManyToManyField(Site, verbose_name=_(u'sites'),
blank=True)
objects = PhotoQuerySet.as_manager()
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
if self.slug is None:
self.slug = slugify(self.title)
super(Photo, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class ImageModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(_('image'),
max_length=IMAGE_FIELD_MAX_LENGTH,
upload_to=get_storage_path)
date_taken = models.DateTimeField(_('date taken'),
null=True,
blank=True,
help_text=_('Date image was taken; is obtained from the image EXIF data.'))
view_count = models.PositiveIntegerField(_('view count'),
default=0,
editable=False)
crop_from = models.CharField(_('crop from'),
blank=True,
max_length=10,
default='center',
choices=CROP_ANCHOR_CHOICES)
effect = models.ForeignKey('photologue.PhotoEffect',
null=True,
blank=True,
related_name="%(class)s_related",
verbose_name=_('effect'))
class Meta:
abstract = True
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ImageModel, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self._old_image = self.image
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
image_has_changed = False
if self._get_pk_val() and (self._old_image != self.image):
image_has_changed = True
# If we have changed the image, we need to clear from the cache all instances of the old
# image; clear_cache() works on the current (new) image, and in turn calls several other methods.
# Changing them all to act on the old image was a lot of changes, so instead we temporarily swap old
# and new images.
new_image = self.image
self.image = self._old_image
self.clear_cache()
self.image = new_image # Back to the new image.
self._old_image.storage.delete(self._old_image.name) # Delete (old) base image.
if self.date_taken is None or image_has_changed:
# Attempt to get the date the photo was taken from the EXIF data.
try:
exif_date = self.EXIF(self.image.file).get('EXIF DateTimeOriginal', None)
if exif_date is not None:
d, t = exif_date.values.split()
year, month, day = d.split(':')
hour, minute, second = t.split(':')
self.date_taken = datetime(int(year), int(month), int(day),
int(hour), int(minute), int(second))
except:
logger.error('Failed to read EXIF DateTimeOriginal', exc_info=True)
super(ImageModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
self.pre_cache()
这里是 get_storage_path 函数，根据要求：
# Look for user function to define file paths
PHOTOLOGUE_PATH = getattr(settings, 'PHOTOLOGUE_PATH', None)
if PHOTOLOGUE_PATH is not None:
if callable(PHOTOLOGUE_PATH):
get_storage_path = PHOTOLOGUE_PATH
else:
parts = PHOTOLOGUE_PATH.split('.')
module_name = '.'.join(parts[:-1])
module = import_module(module_name)
get_storage_path = getattr(module, parts[-1])
else:
def get_storage_path(instance, filename):
fn = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', force_text(filename)).encode('ascii', 'ignore').decode('ascii')
return os.path.join(PHOTOLOGUE_DIR, 'photos', fn)
【问题讨论】：
-
请问您可以添加
MEDIA_ROOT的当前值吗？您可以通过运行python manage.py diffsettings来获取它。 -
@RichardBarran
MEDIA_ROOT是/home/user/mysite/media/ -
感谢您提供信息 - 您网站的基本设置听起来有些问题。
MEDIA_ROOT是/home/user/mysite/media/，但错误消息表明它是/home/website/mywebsite/media。 FWIW Django 约定用于将static和media文件夹放在文件系统上的 Django 项目内部，例如如果您的 Django 项目位于/home/website/mywebsite/的文件系统中，则媒体可以进入例如/home/website/mywebsite/media，但不/home/website/somewhereelse/media -
@RichardBarran Arg，
MEDIA_ROOT和错误消息之间的差异是我在混淆用户和项目名称时的错误......我已经修复了。 -
请在代码的 ImageModel.image 字段
upload_to=get_storage_path部分发布get_storage_path的定义或值。
标签： python django photologue django-shell django-commands