无法使用 PowerShell 在任务计划程序中创建任务

Question

我正在尝试使用 Powershell 在任务计划程序中创建一个任务。

$PSVersionTable.PSVersion

主要次要版本修订
----- ----- ----- --------
3 0 -1 -1

操作系统：Windows Server 2012

这是供参考的脚本：

Set-Location c:\automation

# Remove IP of host on which this script is going to run
$hostname = hostname
$private_ip = (Test-Connection $hostname -count 1).IPv4Address.IPAddressToString
(get-content .\sch_task_action.conf) | foreach-object {$_ -replace "and not net $private_ip", ""} | set-content .\sch_task_action_final.conf

# Create task schedular
$sch_task_action = Get-Content c:\automation\sch_task_action_final.conf -Raw
$sch_task_principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserId "LOCALSERVICE" -LogonType ServiceAccount
$sch_task_settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -ExecutionTimeLimit (New-TimeSpan -Days 7)
$trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -AtStartup

Register-ScheduledTask -Action $sch_task_action -Trigger $trigger -Principal $sch_task_principal -Settings $sch_task_settings -TaskName "Monitoring"

sch_task_action.conf的内容：

New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute c:\windump\windump.exe –Argument "-i 1 -q -w e:\network-dump\Network-Traces.txt -n -C 100 -W 100 -U -n ip and not net 125.14.93.7 and not net 10.0.2.4"

当我尝试运行 PowerShell 脚本时，我收到以下错误：

Register-ScheduledTask：无法处理参数“Action”的参数转换。
无法转换值“New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute C:\windump\windump.exe –Argument
"-i 1 -q -w E:\network-dump\Network-Traces.txt -n -C 100 -W 100 -U -n ip 而不是 net
125.14.93.7 而不是净 10.0.2.4"
” 键入“Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance[]”。
错误：“无法转换值”New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute C:\windump\windump.exe
--参数 "-i 1 -q -w E:\network-dump\Network-Traces.txt -n -C 100 -W 100 -U -n ip 和
不是净 125.14.93.7 也不是净 10.0.2.4"
” 键入“Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance”。
错误：“指定的参数超出了有效值的范围。
参数名称：className""
在 C:\Automation\windump\win_dump.ps1:26 char:32
+ Register-ScheduledTask -Action $sch_task_action -Trigger $trigger -Principal $sc ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (:) [Register-ScheduledTask], ParameterBindingArgumentTransformationException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentTransformationError,Register-ScheduledTask

注意：在脚本中，如果我将sch_task_action_final.conf（已删除所选IP）的内容直接传递给变量（如下所示）而不使用Get-Content读取文件，则脚本可以正常工作并且任务在调度程序中创建。

$sch_task_action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute c:\windump\windump.exe –Argument "-i 1 -q -w e:\network-dump\Network-Traces.txt -n -C 100 -W 100 -U -n ip and not net 125.14.93.7"

我花了几个小时试图通过在线搜索来弄清楚，但无济于事。

Answer 1

Get-Content -Raw 返回一个字符串，该字符串不被 PowerShell 解释，也不能按原样传递给参数-Action。从sch_task_action_final.conf 中删除New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute 和-Argument 并更改

$sch_task_action = Get-Content c:\automation\sch_task_action_final.conf -Raw

到

$action, $params = (Get-Content C:\automation\sch_task_action_final.conf -Raw) -split ' ', 2
$sch_task_action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute $action -Arugment $params

---

您也可以使用Invoke-Expression:

$sch_task_action = Invoke-Expresssion (Get-Content c:\automation\sch_task_action_final.conf -Raw)

但我不建议这样做。

Answer 2

您可以使用 COM-Object 创建计划任务。使用 Schedule.Service ，您可以创建它：

                $service = new-object -ComObject("Schedule.Service")
                # connect to the local machine.

                $service.Connect()
                $rootFolder = $service.GetFolder("\")
                $TaskDefinition = $service.NewTask(0)
                $TaskDefinition.RegistrationInfo.Description = "$TaskDescr"
                $TaskDefinition.Settings.Enabled = $true
                $TaskDefinition.Settings.AllowDemandStart = $true
                $TaskDefinition.Settings.StartWhenAvailable = $true
                $TaskDefinition.Settings.StopIfGoingOnBatteries=$false
                $TaskDefinition.Settings.DisallowStartIfOnBatteries=$false
                $TaskDefinition.Settings.MultipleInstances=2
                $taskdefinition.Settings.WakeToRun=$true
                $triggers = $TaskDefinition.Triggers
                $trigger = $triggers.Create(1) # Creates a "One time" trigger
                $trigger.StartBoundary = $TaskStartTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss")
                $time_interval=New-TimeSpan -Minutes $interval
                $time_interval=$time_interval.TotalSeconds
                $trigger.Repetition.Interval= "PT"+"$time_interval"+"S"
                $trigger.Enabled = $true
                $TaskDefinition.Principal.RunLevel =1
                $Action = $TaskDefinition.Actions.Create(0)
                $action.Path = "$TaskCommand"
                $action.Arguments = "$TaskArg"
                # In Task Definition,
                #   6 indicates "the task will not execute when it is registered unless a time-based trigger causes it to execute on registration."
                #   5 indicates "Indicates that a Local System, Local Service, or Network Service account is being used as a security context to run the task.In this case, its the SYSTEM"
                $rootFolder.RegisterTaskDefinition("$TaskName",$TaskDefinition,6,"System",$null,5) | Out-Null
                "Scheduled Task has been created successfully"
                Write-Log -Message "Scheduled Task has been created successfully with the name SHA_$schedule_name" -Level Info

这是供您参考的链接：Scheduled Task in PS

希望对你有帮助。