如何屏蔽用户密码输入并将其保存为输出以替换另一个文件中的默认密码

Question

我是python新手，真的不知道如何正确提问，所以请原谅我。

真的需要指导，是我想让用户使用输入输入他的密码，输出被屏蔽为星号，用户输入将用于更改另一个文件信息（我在 windows 上使用 python 3 10).

我知道我可以使用 getpass.getpass() 并将密码显示为星号是有风险的，因为它让其他人阅读并计算密码的长度，但因为我想让这个小应用程序看起来“专业”并让用户感到安全，然后我看到需要屏蔽密码。

最后应该保存输出以替换另一个文件基本信息，例如电子邮件、用户名和密码。

我已经成功替换了除了密码之外的所有密码，因为它只将输入的密码（mynewpassword12345）更改为“”。

下面是我从 SO 那里得到的一些链接，据说与我的问题有关：

Masking user input in python with asterisks 接受的答案没有关于如何或没有提供示例的方向。

Getting paths as user input Python 3 这个接受的答案与我的问题无关。

Input only 3 characters and 3 asterisk 这个接受的答案也与我的问题无关。

Change EditText password mask character to asterisk (*) 这个接受的答案也与我的问题无关。

Partial Password Masking on Input Field 这个接受的答案再次与我的问题无关。

Masking user input in python with asterisks 这个接受的答案与我的问题有关，但在 Windows 以外的平台上。

String to asterisk, masking password 同样，这里的这些答案与我的问题无关。

word (password) displays in asterisks - Console application 这个接受的答案再次与我的问题无关。

下面是我从 SO 得到的示例代码示例，将用户密码屏蔽为星号（但很抱歉我忘记保存链接）。

它在 python exe 上工作（但不是在空闲时）并将用户密码输入屏蔽为星号，但它不允许我将打印的密码保存为用户输出。

到目前为止，这就是我要做的，从特定路径中的 certin 文件夹中提取一个 zip 文件，提示用户输入并添加以更改默认信息，即电子邮件、ID 等。

from zipfile import ZipFile
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import fileinput
import os
import py_compile
import shutil, glob
import textwrap
import datetime
import msvcrt
import time
import sys

script_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
file_path2 = os.path.join(script_dir, ' alert ' , 'temp' , 'temp folder' , 'temp' , 'myapp.zip')
##print(file_path2)
NameFile2 = file_path2

with ZipFile(NameFile2, 'r') as zf:
    zf.extractall(os.path.join(script_dir, 'alert' , 'temp' , 'temp folder' , 'temp' ) , pwd=b'mypassword' )

file_path = os.path.join(script_dir, ' alert ' , 'temp' , 'temp folder' , 'temp' , 'myapp.py')
##print(file_path)
NameFile = file_path


email = "emailaddress"
password = "userpassword"
userID = "userID"
id1 = "id1"
id2 = "id2"
id3 = "id3"
id4 = "id4"
id5 = "id5"
id6 = "id6"
id7 = "id7"
id8 = "id8"
id9 = "id9"
idlast = "idlast"

level = 3
##
x = datetime.datetime.now()
text1 = '''hi, welcome to my app.
'''
#print('\t' * level, text1 )
#print(textwrap.fill(text1, 60))

print(" ")


print((x.strftime("%c")).center(80))
print(" ")
for line in textwrap.wrap(text1, width=50):
    print(line.center(80))


print(" ")



newemail = input ("  email : " )

#newpassword = input ("  password : ")


list1 = []
def getPASS():
    print("Input password")
    list1 = []
    while True:
        char = msvcrt.getch()
        char =str(char)
        char = char[2:-1]
        if char == "\\n'" or char == "\\r":
            break
        elif char == "\\x08":
            del list1[-1]
            os.system("cls")
            print("Input password:")
            sys.stdout.write("*" * len(list1))
            sys.stdout.flush()
            continue
        else:
            list1.append(char)
            sys.stdout.write("*")
            sys.stdout.flush()
print("\n")
psw = "".join(list1)
print(psw)
invalid = ' ,:;/?"\}]{[-=+!@#$%^&*()|'
for x in psw:
    if x in invalid:
        print("Character %r is not allowed in password" % x)
        getPASS()
    else:
        pass

getPASS()

newpassword = psw

newuserID = input ("  userID : ")
newid1 = input ("  ID seefirst1 : ")
newid2 = input ("  ID seefirst2 : ")
newid3 = input ("  ID seefirst3 : ")
newid4 = input ("  ID seefirst4 : ")
newid5 = input ("  ID seefirst5 : ")
newid6 = input ("  ID seefirst6 : ")
newid7 = input ("  ID seefirst7 : ")
newid8 = input ("  ID seefirst8 : ")
newid9 = input ("  ID seefirst9 : ")
newidlast = input ("  ID seefirst10 : ")


with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(email, newemail), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(password, newpassword), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(userID, newuserID), end='')


with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id1, newid1), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id2, newid2), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id3, newid3), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id4, newid4), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id5, newid5), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id6, newid6), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id7, newid7), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id8, newid8), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(id9, newid9), end='')

with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(idlast, newidlast), end='')



#wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

file_path3 = os.path.join(script_dir, ' alert ' , 'temp' , 'temp folder' , 'temp' , 'myapp.py')
#print(file_path3)
script = file_path3
py_compile.compile(script)




from pathlib import Path

# ...

#pathtofile = Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent.parent.parent  # Path to Folder myapp
pathtoduplicate = os.path.join(script_dir ,'myapp.cpython-37.pyc')
#print(pathtoduplicate)

if os.path.exists(pathtoduplicate):
  os.remove(pathtoduplicate)
else:
  print("The file does not exist")

##print(pathtofile) 

source_dir = os.path.join(script_dir, ' alert ' , 'temp' , 'temp folder' , 'temp' , '__pycache__') #Path to Pycache 
dst = os.path.join(script_dir) # Path to myapp
files = glob.iglob(os.path.join(source_dir, "*.pyc"))
for file in files:
    if os.path.isfile(file):
        shutil.move(file, dst)



raise SystemExit()

我得到了我希望输入显示为星号的结果，但它没有改变输出，只显示“”而不是实际密码。

想要的结果： 屏蔽输入密码已替换默认密码。

email = "mynewemail@gmail.com"  
password = "mynewpassword12345"          
user = "mynewnewid1"
seefirst1 = "newid1" 
seefirst2 = "newid2"  
seefirst3 = "newid3"  
seefirst4 = "newid4" 
seefirst5 = "newid5" 
seefirst6 = "newid6"  
seefirst7 = "newid7"  
seefirst8 = "newid8" 
seefirst9 = "newid9"  
seefirst10 = "newid10"  

不需要的结果： 屏蔽的输入密码没有替换默认密码。

email = "mynewemail@gmail.com"  
password = ""          
user = "mynewnewid1"
seefirst1 = "newid1" 
seefirst2 = "newid2"  
seefirst3 = "newid3"  
seefirst4 = "newid4" 
seefirst5 = "newid5" 
seefirst6 = "newid6"  
seefirst7 = "newid7"  
seefirst8 = "newid8" 
seefirst9 = "newid9"  
seefirst10 = "newid10"

请帮我解决这个问题。我是菜鸟，对 python 很陌生。

Answer 1

撇开您方法的其他问题不谈，我将重点介绍您的“不需要的结果：屏蔽的输入密码没有替换默认密码。”

1. 你有一个全局的list1，你也在getPASS()函数中定义了一个list1，你想在从函数返回后使用它。这不能按原样工作，因为函数中的list1 是本地的，与全局list1 不同。我建议从函数中返回一个适当的值，例如。 g.：

   def getPASS():
       print("Input password")
       list1 = []
       while True:
           …
       return "".join(list1)
   
   …
   psw = getPASS()
   

2. 密码输入和验证的逻辑在这里搞混了：

   psw = "".join(list1)
   print(psw)
   invalid = ' ,:;/?"\}]{[-=+!@#$%^&*()|'
   for x in psw:
       if x in invalid:
           print("Character %r is not allowed in password" % x)
           getPASS()
       else:
           pass
   
   getPASS()
   

   您甚至在调用getPASS() 输入密码之前尝试分配和验证密码，因此psw 为空。重新排列，例如。 G。 （假设上述1.更改为getPASS()）：

   while True:
       psw = getPASS()
       print(psw)  # only for debugging
       invalid = ' ,:;/?"\}]{[-=+!@#$%^&*()|'
       for x in psw:
           if x in invalid:
               print("Character %r is not allowed in password" % x)
               break   # from for x in psw
       else:
           break   # from while True
   

Answer 2

非常感谢 Armali 爵士，如果没有他的指导，这个问题不会得到解决。

以下是 Armali 爵士在他接受的答案中建议的我编辑脚本的结果。（我不会接受我的答案，仅供对这部分感兴趣的人参考。）

import fileinput
import os
import textwrap
import msvcrt
import sys


text2 = 'Input password :'

def getPASS():
    for line in textwrap.wrap(text2, width=50):
        print(line.ljust(80))
    list1 = []
    while True:
        char = msvcrt.getch()
        char =str(char)
        char = char[2:-1]

        if char == "\\n'" or char == "\\r":
            break
        elif char == "\\x08":
            del list1[-1]
            os.system("cls")
            print("Input password:")
            sys.stdout.write("*" * len(list1))
            sys.stdout.flush()
            continue
        else:
            list1.append(char)
            sys.stdout.write("*")
            sys.stdout.flush()
    return "".join(list1)

psw = getPASS()


while True:

    invalid = ' ,:;/?"\}]{[-=+!@#$%^&*()|'
    for x in psw:
        if x in invalid:
            print("Character %r is not allowed in password" % x)
            break   # from for x in psw
    else:
        break   # from while True


newpassword = psw       


script_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
file_path = os.path.join(script_dir, 'alert' , 'temp' , 'temp folder' , 'temp' , 'myapp.py')
print(file_path)
NameFile = file_path


with fileinput.FileInput(NameFile, inplace=True, backup='.bak') as file:
        for line in file:
            print(line.replace(password, newpassword), end='')