Django 中的角色

Question

我正在创建基于 Web 的系统，其中我有 5 或 6 个不同的角色和访问类型。我对如何实现这一点进行了研究，只有在 django admin 中创建组并将用户分配到其中时才完成所有操作，但只能从管理部分进行。我需要从视图中创建它。我已经有一个表单来添加用户的电子邮件和下拉菜单来设置角色类型。

任何建议都将不胜感激，因为到目前为止，我不知道如何在不从 django admin 分配用户的情况下实现这一点。

我的 model.py 供用户使用：

class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
    """
    Custom user model manager where email is the unique identifiers
    for authentication instead of usernames.
    """
    def create_user(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
        """
        Create and save a User with the given email and password.
        """
        if not email:
            raise ValueError(_('The Email must be set'))
        email = self.normalize_email(email)
        user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save()
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
        """
        Create and save a SuperUser with the given email and password.
        """
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_active', True)

        if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
            raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_staff=True.'))
        if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
            raise ValueError(_('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.'))
        return self.create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)


class CustomUser(AbstractUser):

    username = None
    email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = []

    objects = CustomUserManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

    ADMIN = 1
    RECEPTION = 2
    HEADOFDEPARTMENT = 3
    EMPLOYEE = 4
    PATIENT = 5
    NOTACTIVE = 6

    ROLE_CHOICES = (
        (ADMIN, 'Admin'),
        (RECEPTION, 'Reception'),
        (HEADOFDEPARTMENT, 'HeadOfDepartment'),
        (EMPLOYEE, 'Employee'),
        (PATIENT, 'Patient'),
        (NOTACTIVE, 'NotActive'),
      )
    role                            = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=ROLE_CHOICES, blank=True, default=True, null=True)
    #email                           = models.EmailField(verbose_name="email", max_length=60, unique=True) 
    username                        = models.CharField(max_length=30, blank=True, default='')
    is_superuser                    = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin                        = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_employee                     = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_headofdepartment             = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_reception                    = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_patient                      = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_active                       = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_staff                        = models.BooleanField(default=True)

Answer 1

喜欢这个

from django.contrib.auth.models import Group

def ViewFunc(request):
    ... #your func
    role = Group.objects.get(name='role') 
    role.user_set.add(user)

您以您想要的方式在视图中检索用户对象，将其添加到组中的用户集中，完成。

编辑 将用户Foo 添加到Admins 组。

from django.contrib.auth.models import Group, User


def ViewFunc(request):
    user = User.objects.get(username = 'Foo')
    role = Group.objects.get(name='Admins') 
    role.user_set.add(user)