我究竟做错了什么？ wcf & 实体框架

Question

我今天刚遇到WCF 并开始学习它。但是，一旦我尝试将它与EntityFramework 结合使用，它就停止了工作。我为我的数据库dtcinvoicerdb 创建了一个实体模型，关闭了代码生成并自己编写了Entity/ObjectContext 类。该服务应该从数据库中获取所有Employees。

一切正常，项目编译并打开 WcfTestClient，但是当我尝试调用 GetEmployees() 操作时，出现以下异常：

Mapping and metadata information could not be found for EntityType 'DtcInvoicerDbModel.Employee'.

我知道下面有很多代码，但都是非常基本的，所以请耐心等待。

entity image and model properties http://img716.imageshack.us/img716/1397/wcf.png

/Entities/DtcInvoicerDbContext.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.Data.Objects;

using DtcInvoicerDbModel;

namespace DtcInvoicerServiceLibrary
{
    public class DtcInvoicerDbContext:ObjectContext
    {
        public DtcInvoicerDbContext():base("name=DtcInvoicerDbEntities", "DtcInvoicerDbEntities")
        {
        }

        #region public ObjectSet<Employee> Employees;
        private ObjectSet<Employee> _Employees;
        public ObjectSet<Employee> Employees
        {
            get
            {
                return (_Employees == null) ? (_Employees = base.CreateObjectSet<Employee>("Employees")) : _Employees;
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

/Entities/Employee.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.Data.Objects.DataClasses;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace DtcInvoicerDbModel
{
    [DataContract]
    public class Employee
    {
        [DataMember]
        public int ID { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Username { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public string Password { get; set; }
        [DataMember]
        public DateTime EmployeeSince { get; set; }
    }
}

/IDtcInvoicerServicer.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.ServiceModel;

using DtcInvoicerDbModel;

namespace DtcInvoicerServiceLibrary
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IDtcInvoicerService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        List<Employee> GetEmployees();
    }
}

/DtcInvoicerService.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.ServiceModel;

using DtcInvoicerDbModel;

namespace DtcInvoicerServiceLibrary
{
    [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.Single, IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults=true)]
    public class DtcInvoicerService:IDtcInvoicerService
    {
        private DtcInvoicerDbContext db = new DtcInvoicerDbContext();

        public List<Employee> GetEmployees()
        {
            return db.Employees.Where(x => x.ID > 0).ToList();
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

我知道这并不能回答您的问题，但是通过您的服务，您是否考虑过使用 WCF Data Services 代替？您的服务正在将您的实体返回给您的客户——WCF 数据服务可以为您提供该服务，并让您的客户能够使用 LINQ 查询来过滤和/或投影您的结果。

您可以将 WCF 数据服务项 (InvoicerService.svc) 添加到您的项目中并像这样设置服务类：

public class InvoicerService : DataService<DtcInvoicerDbEntities>
{
    public static void InitializeService(DataServiceConfiguration config)
    {
        config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Employees", EntitySetRights.AllRead);

        config.SetEntitySetPageSize("*", 25);
        config.DataServiceBehavior.MaxProtocolVersion = DataServiceProtocolVersion.V2;
    }
}

然后您可以使用 URL 通过 GET 请求访问您的员工：

http://server:port/InvoicerService.svc/Employees?$filter=ID gt 0

同样，这不是您问题的答案，而是另一种选择。只是想我会添加它。

希望这会有所帮助！

Answer 2

啊，在对 stackoverflow 进行了更多搜索并与生成的代码进行比较后，它就可以工作了。

错误：我缺少一个属性 IsActive，并且我没有将 Edm 属性添加到类及其属性中。

对于遇到相同问题的任何人，请记住在所有属性上设置 EdmScalarProperty（或其他属性类型）属性，并且不要忘记设置哪个属性充当 EntityKey（例如 ID）。

这就是我的Employee 课程现在的样子，而且它有效。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.Data.Objects.DataClasses;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

[assembly: EdmSchemaAttribute()]
namespace DtcInvoicerDbModel
{
    [EdmEntityType(NamespaceName="DtcInvoicerDbModel", Name="Employee")]
    [DataContract(IsReference=true)]
    public class Employee
    {
        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = true, IsNullable = false)]
        public int ID { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = false, IsNullable = false)]
        public bool IsActive { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = false, IsNullable = false)]
        public string FirstName { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = false, IsNullable = false)]
        public string LastName { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = false, IsNullable = false)]
        public string Username { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = false, IsNullable = false)]
        public string Password { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
        [EdmScalarProperty(EntityKeyProperty = false, IsNullable = true)]
        public DateTime? EmployeeSince { get; set; }
    }
}