Django 聚合 .extra 值

Question

模型，带有抽象基类：

class MapObject(models.Model):
    start_date = models.DateTimeField(default= datetime.strptime('1940-09-01T00:00:00',  '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S'))
    end_date = models.DateTimeField(default= datetime.strptime('1941-07-01T00:00:00',  '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S'))
    description = models.TextField(blank=True)
    location = models.PointField()
    objects = models.GeoManager()
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)
    created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
    last_modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now = True)
    source = models.ForeignKey(Source)
    address= models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    address_road = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)

class Meta:
    abstract = True

class Bomb(MapObject, BombExtraManager):
    #Bomb Attributes
    type = models.CharField(choices= Type_CHOICES, max_length=10)
    night_bombing = models.BooleanField(blank=True)
    map_sheet = models.ForeignKey(MapSheet, blank=True, null=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.type

现在，我想使用 Django ORM 作为这个查询得到等效的结果：

Select date_part('day',"start_date") as "day", date_part('hour',"start_date") as "hour", Count('id')
from "Mapper_bomb"
where "source_id" = 1
group by date_part('hour',"start_date"), date_part('day',"start_date")
Order by date_part('day',"start_date") ASC, date_part('hour',"start_date") ASC

这会给我一张表格，上面有每天和每小时的炸弹数量。

使用django ORM，我目前得出以下结论（first_day只是我定义的一个自定义管理器，它返回数据的子集，与source_id = 1相同）：

Bomb.first_day.extra(select={'date': "date_part(\'day\', \"start_date\")", 'hour': "date_part(\'hour\', \"start_date\")"}).values('date', 'hour').order_by().annotate(Count('date'), Count('hour'))

但 Django 抱怨 FieldError: Cannot resolve keyword 'date' into field。有没有办法使用 Django ORM 来获得所需的结果，还是我需要回退到原始 sql？

Answer 1

这行得通吗？

Bomb.first_day.extra({
        'date': "date_part(\'day\', \"start_date\")",
        'hour': "date_part(\'hour\', \"start_date\")"
    }).values('date', 'hour').order_by('date', 'hour').annotate(Count('id'))