Django 外键选择答案

【问题标题】：Django Foreign Key choicesDjango 外键选择
【发布时间】：2021-06-02 09:12:32
【问题描述】：

我想构建一个应用程序，让患者将他的报告上传给他的同伴医生，所以，我有两种模型，一种用于医生，另一种用于患者。我想要的是在两个模型之间建立一个关系，一个病人从注册医生中选择他的医生。

这是代码：

class DoctorModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    doctorName = models.CharField(max_length = 150 , default="")
    doctorEmail = models.EmailField(max_length=50, default="")
    speciality  = models.CharField(choices = SPECIALITY ,max_length = 20 , default="")
    doctorStatus  = models.CharField(choices = DOCTOR_STATUS ,max_length = 15 , default="")


class PatientModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    patientName = models.CharField(max_length = 150 , default="", editable=True)
    patientAge = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    patientEmail = models.EmailField(max_length=50, default="", editable=True)
    insuranceSyndicate  = models.CharField(choices = INSURANCE_SYNDICATE, max_length = 15, default="")
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length = 50 , default= '')
    referencedDoctor = models.ForeignKey(DoctorModel, on_delete=models.Set_Null)

我希望当患者选择“referencedDoctor”时，他从 DoctorModel 中的“doctorName”中选择他

我该怎么做？

【问题讨论】：

标签： django django-models foreign-keys

【解决方案1】：

你应该为你的模型创建 __ str __ 方法。

class DoctorModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    doctorName = models.CharField(max_length = 150 , default="")
    doctorEmail = models.EmailField(max_length=50, default="")
    speciality  = models.CharField(choices = SPECIALITY ,max_length = 20 , default="")
    doctorStatus  = models.CharField(choices = DOCTOR_STATUS ,max_length = 15 , default="")

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.doctorName}"

顺便说一句，尝试对您的字段使用 null=True。会更容易实现。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

你可以像这样在 Doctor 模型中定义一个 dunder 字符串函数

class DoctorModel(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(CustomUser, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    doctorName = models.CharField(max_length = 150 , default="")
    doctorEmail = models.EmailField(max_length=50, default="")
    speciality  = models.CharField(choices = SPECIALITY ,max_length = 20 , default="")
    doctorStatus  = models.CharField(choices = DOCTOR_STATUS ,max_length = 15 , default="")



    def__str__(self):
        return self.doctorName

【讨论】：