在不使用 pytz 的情况下将时区更改为 datetime 对象

Question

我在尝试更改没有 pytz 模块的日期时间对象的时区时遇到了一些问题。所以基本上我不需要使用pytz就需要这段代码：

def change_timezone(date: str, tz: str):
    tz = pytz.timezone(tz)
    date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
    return date = date.replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc).astimezone(tz=tz)

我在不允许我使用外部 Python 模块的外部平台上运行此脚本，这就是我不能使用 pytz 的原因。

此函数的输入是一个包含 UTC 时区日期的字符串（例如：date = "2021-11-30T23:00:00Z"）和另一个指定日期应转换到的时区的字符串（例如：tz = "Europe/Madrid"）。

不使用 pytz 有什么办法吗？

谢谢！

更新

使用 zoneinfo 模块时：

from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
SPAIN = ZoneInfo("America/Los_Angeles")

我收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\sydea\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39-32\lib\zoneinfo\_common.py", line 12, in load_tzdata     
    return importlib.resources.open_binary(package_name, resource_name)
  File "C:\Users\sydea\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39-32\lib\importlib\resources.py", line 88, in open_binary  
    package = _get_package(package)
  File "C:\Users\sydea\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39-32\lib\importlib\resources.py", line 49, in _get_package 
    module = _resolve(package)
  File "C:\Users\sydea\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39-32\lib\importlib\resources.py", line 40, in _resolve     
    return import_module(name)
  File "C:\Users\sydea\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39-32\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 972, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 972, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 984, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tzdata'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\sydea\Desktop\Cargadores solares\Proyecto\OCPP-1.6J-CS-I\pruebas.py", line 8, in <module>
    SPAIN = ZoneInfo("America/Los_Angeles")
  File "C:\Users\sydea\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39-32\lib\zoneinfo\_common.py", line 24, in load_tzdata
    raise ZoneInfoNotFoundError(f"No time zone found with key {key}")
zoneinfo._common.ZoneInfoNotFoundError: 'No time zone found with key America/Los_Angeles'

更新 我不知道这是否有帮助，但运行此代码：

import sysconfig
print(sysconfig.get_config_var("TZPATH"))

显示这条路径：

/usr/share/zoneinfo:/usr/lib/zoneinfo:/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo:/etc/zoneinfo

Answer 1

使用 dateutil 中的 tz：

  from dateutil import tz
  import datetime

  start_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(str_datetime, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
  from_zone = tz.gettz('UTC')
  to_zone = tz.gettz('Europe/Madrid')

  start_date = start_date.replace(tzinfo = from_zone)

  local = start_date.astimezone(to_zone)