Django 频道和 websocket 不工作

Question

我检查了所有相关问题，但没有一个对我有帮助。我正在制作一个简单的应用程序，我将在 websocketking.com 网站上获得 JSON 响应。无论我进行多少次更改，都没有尝试过。 这里的每一个细节

asgi.py 文件

import os

from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
from django.urls import path
from home.consumers import *

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'core.settings')

ws_patterns = [
    path('ws/test/', TestConsumer),
]


application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": get_asgi_application(),
    "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(URLRouter(ws_patterns)),
})

consumers.py 文件

from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
import json

class TestConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):

    def connect(self):
        self.room_name = "test_consumer"
        self.room_group_name = "test_consumer_group"
        async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)(self.room_name, self.room_group_name)
        self.accept()
        self.send(text_data=json.dumps({'status' : 'connected'}))

    def receive(self):
        pass

    def disconnect(self):
        pass

这些是我在 settings.py 文件中添加的内容

ASGI_APPLICATION = 'core.asgi.application'

CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer",
        "CONFIG": {
            "hosts": [("localhost", 6379)],
        },
    },
}

这是我在控制台中遇到的错误

WebSocket HANDSHAKING /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:2795]
Exception inside application: object.__init__() takes exactly one argument (the instance to initialize)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\staticfiles.py", line 44, in __call__
    return await self.application(scope, receive, send)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\routing.py", line 71, in __call__
    return await application(scope, receive, send)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\sessions.py", line 47, in __call__
    return await self.inner(dict(scope, cookies=cookies), receive, send)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\sessions.py", line 254, in __call__
    return await self.inner(wrapper.scope, receive, wrapper.send)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\auth.py", line 181, in __call__
    return await super().__call__(scope, receive, send)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\middleware.py", line 26, in __call__
    return await self.inner(scope, receive, send)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\routing.py", line 150, in __call__
    return await application(
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\asgiref\compatibility.py", line 33, in new_application
    instance = application(scope)
  File "D:\PythonProjects\channels_project\env\lib\site-packages\channels\generic\websocket.py", line 23, in __init__
    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
TypeError: object.__init__() takes exactly one argument (the instance to initialize)
WebSocket DISCONNECT /ws/test/ [127.0.0.1:2795]

Answer 1

也许您已经解决了这个问题，但我注意到您的代码中的一些内容可能对您有所帮助：

1. 将 WebsocketConsumer 更改为 AsyncWebsocketConsumer - 然后将您的使用者方法更改为异步，例如

    async def connect(self):
        ...

1. 改变

    async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)(self.room_name, 
        self.room_group_name)

到

    await self.channel_layer.group_add(
        self.room_name,
        self.room_group_name)

附带说明： 您无需执行 self.send(msg) 即可检查您是否已连接。这在 self.accept() 中处理，并将返回到

    client.onopen = () => {
        console.log("connected");
    }

如果这些都不能解决您的问题，则可能是您的路由和/或中间件堆栈有问题。我最近遇到了身份验证问题。如果您使用的是 Chrome，请尝试使用其他浏览器，看看是否可以标记到 onerror 事件