Django 'ModelForm' 对象没有用于 M2M 的属性 'cleaned_data' 通过

Question

大家好，我在通过创建 M2M 时遇到问题。

使用下面的代码，我得到了消息： “SendCandForm”对象没有“cleaned_data”属性

如果我改变了

#forms.py
cojobs=Company.objects.select_related('job').values_list('job__title', flat=True)

到

#forms.py
cojobs=Company.objects.select_related('job__id').values_list('job__id', flat=True)

还有

#views.py
job = form.cleaned_data['job']
status = form.cleaned_data['status']

到

#views.py
job = form.data.get('job')
status = form.data.get('status')

当数据存在() 时，一切正常。但是当它试图发帖时，我得到了错误：

Cannot assign "u'2'": "CandidateToJob.job" must be a "Job" instance. 

希望你能帮助我。

这是我的代码

#models.py
class Company(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    ...

class Job(models.Model):
    company = models.ForeignKey(Company)
    candidate = models.ManyToManyField('Candidate', through='CandidateToJob')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    ...

class Candidate(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, primary_key=True)
    ...

class CandidateToJob(models.Model):
    job = models.ForeignKey(Job, related_name='applied_to')
    candidate = models.ForeignKey(Candidate, related_name='from_user')
    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ('0', 'New'),
        ('1', 'Not approved'),
        ('2', 'Approved')
     )
    status = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=STATUS_CHOICES)

表格

#forms.py
class SendCandForm(ModelForm):

    cojobs=Company.objects.select_related('job').values_list('job__title', flat=True)
    cojobs_choices = [('', 'Choose')] + [(id, id) for id in cojobs]

    job = forms.ChoiceField(choices=cojobs_choices ,label="Vaga", required=True, widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))

    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ('0', 'New'),
        ('1', 'Not approved'),
        ('2', 'Approved')
     )
    status = forms.ChoiceField(required=True, widget=forms.RadioSelect(attrs={'class': ''}), choices=STATUS_CHOICES)

    class Meta:
    model = CandidateToJob
        exclude = ['candidate']

这是我的看法

#views.py
class MyCandidateDetail(SuccessMessageMixin, UpdateView):

    model = Candidate
    template_name = 'dashboard/my-candidate-detail.html'
    form_class = SendCandForm

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super(MyCandidateDetail, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        return context

    def get_initial(self, *args, **kwargs):
        candidate = self.get_object()
        self.initial = {'candidate': candidate}
        return self.initial

    def get_form_kwargs(self, *args, **kwargs):
        kwargs = {'initial': self.get_initial()}
        return kwargs

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        form = self.form_class(request.POST)

        #get job and status from form
        job = form.cleaned_data['job']
        status = form.cleaned_data['status']

        #get candidate
        candidate = self.get_object()

        #check if objects exists before save
        if CandidateToJob.objects.filter(job = job, candidate = candidate).exists():

            messages.error(request, 'Error!')

            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('mycandidatedetail', kwargs={'pk': candidate.pk}))

        else:

            if form.is_valid():
                form.save(commit=False)

                #assign to the through table
                candidatetojob = CandidateToJob.objects.create(job=job, candidate=candidate, status=status)

                candidatetojob.save()

                messages.success(request, 'Success!')

            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('mycandidatedetail', kwargs={'pk': candidate.pk}))

Answer 1

已解决

我不得不将我的表单从 ModelForm 更改为 forms.Form

代码如下：

#forms.py
class SendCandForm(forms.Form):

    job = Company.objects.select_related('job').values_list('job__title', flat=True)
    jobs_choices = [('', 'Escolher')] + [(id, id) for id in job]

    job = forms.ChoiceField(choices=jobs_choices, label="Vaga", required=True, widget=forms.Select(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))

    STATUS_CHOICES = (
        ('0', 'Novo'),
        ('1', 'Não aprovado'),
        ('2', 'Pré Selecionado'),
        ('3', 'Contratado')
    )
    status = forms.ChoiceField(required=True, widget=forms.RadioSelect(attrs={'class': ''}), choices=STATUS_CHOICES)

    def save():
        job = self.cleaned_data['job']
        status = self.cleaned_data['status']
        ctj = CandidateToJob(
            job = job,
            status = status,
            candidate = candidate,
        )
        ctj.save()

        return ctj

还有UpdateView中的post函数

#views.py
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

    form = self.form_class(request.POST)

    if form.is_valid():

        joblist = form.cleaned_data['job']
        job = Job.objects.get(title=joblist)
        status = form.cleaned_data['status']
        candidate=self.get_object()

        if CandidateToJob.objects.filter(job=job, candidate=candidate).exists():
            messages.error(request, 'Ops, este candidato já está na vaga selecionada')
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('mycandidatedetail', kwargs={'pk': candidate.pk}))

        else:
            candidatetojob = CandidateToJob.objects.create(job=job, candidate=candidate, status=status)
            candidatetojob.save()
            messages.success(request, 'Sucesso! Candidato inserido na Vaga.')

        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('mycandidatedetail', kwargs={'pk': candidate.pk}))

Answer 2

解决了cleaned_data问题。

需要像下面的代码一样更改views.py def post。 但是还是报错

Cannot assign "u'2'": "CandidateToJob.job" must be a "Job" instance.

或

Cannot assign "u'title'": "CandidateToJob.job" must be a "Job" instance.

views.py 中的新 def 帖子

def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

    form = self.form_class(request.POST)

    if form.is_valid():

        #get job and status from form
        job = Job.objects.get(id=form.cleaned_data['job'])
        status = form.cleaned_data['status']

        #get candidate
        candidate = self.get_object()

        #check if objects exists before save
        if CandidateToJob.objects.filter(job = job, candidate = candidate).exists():

            messages.error(request, 'Ops, este candidato já está na vaga selecionada')

            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('mycandidatedetail', kwargs={'pk': candidate.pk}))

        else:
            form.save(commit=False)

            #assign to the through table
            candidatetojob = CandidateToJob.objects.create(job=job, candidate=candidate, status=status)

            candidatetojob.save()

            messages.success(request, 'Sucesso! Candidato inserido na Vaga.')

        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('mycandidatedetail', kwargs={'pk': candidate.pk}))