好的,讨论很多,代码不多:)
这是一个快速基准测试。当涉及到这种事情时,它有一些正常的警告——由于 JITting 等原因,测试内存有一些奇怪的地方,但如果数量足够大,它还是很有用的。它有两种类型,每种类型有 80 个成员——LotsOfBytes 有 80 个字节,LotsOfInts 有 80 个整数。我们构建了很多,确保它们没有被 GC,并检查内存使用情况:
class LotsOfBytes
{
byte a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, aa, ab, ac, ad, ae, af;
byte b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, ba, bb, bc, bd, be, bf;
byte c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, c9, ca, cb, cc, cd, ce, cf;
byte d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7, d8, d9, da, db, dc, dd, de, df;
byte e0, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, ea, eb, ec, ed, ee, ef;
}
class LotsOfInts
{
int a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, aa, ab, ac, ad, ae, af;
int b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, ba, bb, bc, bd, be, bf;
int c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, c9, ca, cb, cc, cd, ce, cf;
int d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, d7, d8, d9, da, db, dc, dd, de, df;
int e0, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, ea, eb, ec, ed, ee, ef;
}
public class Test
{
private static final int SIZE = 1000000;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
LotsOfBytes[] first = new LotsOfBytes[SIZE];
LotsOfInts[] second = new LotsOfInts[SIZE];
System.gc();
long startMem = getMemory();
for (int i=0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
first[i] = new LotsOfBytes();
}
System.gc();
long endMem = getMemory();
System.out.println ("Size for LotsOfBytes: " + (endMem-startMem));
System.out.println ("Average size: " + ((endMem-startMem) / ((double)SIZE)));
System.gc();
startMem = getMemory();
for (int i=0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
second[i] = new LotsOfInts();
}
System.gc();
endMem = getMemory();
System.out.println ("Size for LotsOfInts: " + (endMem-startMem));
System.out.println ("Average size: " + ((endMem-startMem) / ((double)SIZE)));
// Make sure nothing gets collected
long total = 0;
for (int i=0; i < SIZE; i++)
{
total += first[i].a0 + second[i].a0;
}
System.out.println(total);
}
private static long getMemory()
{
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
return runtime.totalMemory() - runtime.freeMemory();
}
}
我的盒子上的输出:
Size for LotsOfBytes: 88811688
Average size: 88.811688
Size for LotsOfInts: 327076360
Average size: 327.07636
0
所以显然有一些开销 - 看起来有 8 个字节,尽管不知何故只有 7 个字节用于 lotofints(?就像我说的,这里有一些奇怪的地方) - 但关键是字节字段似乎是为lotsofbytes 打包的这样它(在去除开销之后)只需要LotsOfInts 的四分之一的内存。