如何构建包含 cv 模块的 exe 文件答案

【问题标题】：How to build exe file which includes cv module如何构建包含 cv 模块的 exe 文件
【发布时间】：2015-07-13 00:48:57
【问题描述】：

我正在编写一个简单的安全摄像头程序。

我使用该代码访问相机：

import cv
camera = cv.CaptureFromCAM(0)

我尝试了 .py 文件。有效。但是，当我编译并运行 exe 文件时，我无法访问相机。程序没有反应。在 .py 文件中，我可以从标题为“视频源”的窗口中选择相机。

我认为这个关于访问权限的问题。

之后，我通过 Visual Studio 2010 的“调试”功能打开了 exe 文件。我收到了警告：

Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.

顺便说一句，我从“输出”选项卡中得到了这些输出：

'security_camera.exe': Loaded '[file_path(C:\Users\........)]', Binary was not built with debug information.
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\ntdll.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\kernel32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\KernelBase.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\user32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\gdi32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\lpk.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\usp10.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msvcrt.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\winsxs\x86_microsoft.vc90.crt_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_none_50934f2ebcb7eb57\msvcr90.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\imm32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\msctf.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\nvinit.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\advapi32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\sechost.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\rpcrt4.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\guard32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\version.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\psapi.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\fltLib.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\shell32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\shlwapi.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\winmm.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\ole32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\winsxs\x86_microsoft.windows.common-controls_6595b64144ccf1df_5.82.7601.18201_none_ec80f00e8593ece5\comctl32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\oleaut32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\cryptsp.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\rsaenh.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\cryptbase.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\ws2_32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\nsi.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
'security_camera.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\comdlg32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
First-chance exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
Unhandled exception at 0x02691fcb in security_camera.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation writing location 0x00000000.
The program '[8604] security_camera.exe: Native' has exited with code -1073741819 (0xc0000005).

顺便说一句，当我打开 exe 文件（程序）时，它会在 3-4 秒内关闭。

我该如何解决？谢谢。

注意：我的python版本：2.7.3

我使用的是 Windows 7（32 位）

编辑：

我通过py2exe构建了exe文件。

我的 setup.py 是这样的：

from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe, sys, os

sys.argv.append('py2exe')

setup(
    options = {'py2exe': {'bundle_files': 1, 'compressed': True, 'includes': 'numpy'}},
    windows = [{'script': "security_camera.py"}],
    zipfile = None,
)

【问题讨论】：

我是用 py2exe 构建的。我的设置文件是： from distutils.core import setup import py2exe, sys, os sys.argv.append('py2exe') setup( options = {'py2exe': {'bundle_files': 1, 'compressed': True, 'includes': 'numpy'}}, windows = [{'script': "security_camera.py"}], zipfile = None, )
不相关，但您应该使用 cv2 而不是已弃用的 cv 模块
但是，我使用了来自互联网的代码。我是从互联网上找到它们的。在来自互联网的代码中，程序员（编写这些代码）使用了 cv 模块。 cv的用法和cv2的用法不一样，不知道怎么把这些代码转成cv2。
只知道，这个api在opencv3.0中被删除了。

标签： python opencv camera py2exe pyinstaller

【解决方案1】：

试试pyinstaller，而不是py2exe

这里有一些简单的说明：

1) 安装 pyinstaller。如果你有pip，就这么简单：

pip install pyinstaller

2) 创建你的可执行文件：

pyinstaller --onefile <your python script>

【讨论】：

我已经试过了。但是，它没有用。当我打开它时，出现错误：ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import
@python_pardus 谷歌搜索该错误会给出几个结果，我不知道它们是否与您的情况相关。但我会尝试走这条路，导入错误可能比段错误更容易解决。
对不起，“seg”是什么意思？我不是本地人。
@python_pardus 作为本地人无济于事 :) 这是“分段”的缩写，segmentation fault，Visual Studio 似乎报告您正在尝试访问地址 0x00000000 的内存，即不是有效的地址。
好的。我得到了它。如何解决段错误？如果我使用pyinstaller没有错误（ ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import），我可以解决它。

【解决方案2】：

@Antonio 我通过添加解决了关于 pyinstaller 的问题

import numpy

到我的脚本。我通过pyinstaller构建了exe。我打开了exe文件。但是，它什么也没做。它只是等待。

我该怎么办？

【讨论】：