Zillow 刮板：为什么我无法从 Zillow 搜索中刮取完整列表

Question

我正在尝试探索 zillow 住房数据进行分析。但我发现我从 Zillow 上抓取的数据会比列出的要少得多。

有一个例子：

我尝试在 35216 上提取待售房屋： https://www.zillow.com/birmingham-al-35216/?searchQueryState=%7B%22usersSearchTerm%22%3A%2235216%22%2C%22mapBounds%22%3A%7B%22west%22%3A-86.93997505787829%2C%22east%22%3A-86.62926796559313%2C%22south%22%3A33.33562772711966%2C%22north%22%3A33.51819716059094%7D%2C%22regionSelection%22%3A%5B%7B%22regionId%22%3A73386%2C%22regionType%22%3A7%7D%5D%2C%22isMapVisible%22%3Atrue%2C%22filterState%22%3A%7B%22ah%22%3A%7B%22value%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22sort%22%3A%7B%22value%22%3A%22globalrelevanceex%22%7D%7D%2C%22isListVisible%22%3Atrue%2C%22mapZoom%22%3A13%2C%22pagination%22%3A%7B%7D%7D

我们可以看到有 76 条记录。如果我使用 google chrome 扩展程序：Zillow-to-excel ，列表中的所有 76 个房屋都可以被刮掉。 https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/zillow-to-excel/aecdekdgjlncaadbdiciepplaobhcjgi/related

但是当我使用 Python 请求抓取 zillow 数据时，只能抓取 18-20 条记录。 这是我的代码：

import requests
import json
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as soup
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

cnt=0
stop_check=0
ele=[]
url='https://www.zillow.com/birmingham-al-35216/'
headers = {
    'accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
    'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
    'accept-language': 'en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7,zh-TW;q=0.6',
    'upgrade-insecure-requests': '1',
    'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'
}
for i in range(1,2):
    params = {
    'searchQueryState':'{"pagination":{"currentPage":'+str(i)+'},"usersSearchTerm":"35216","mapBounds":{"west":-86.83314614582643,"east":-86.73781685417354,"south":33.32843303639682,"north":33.511017584543204},"regionSelection":[{"regionId":73386,"regionType":7}],"isMapVisible":true,"filterState":{"sort":{"value":"globalrelevanceex"},"ah":{"value":true}},"isListVisible":true,"mapZoom":13}'
    }
    page=requests.get(url, headers=headers,params=params,timeout=2)
    sp=soup(page.content, 'lxml')
    lst=sp.find_all('address',{'class':'list-card-addr'})
    ele.extend(lst)
    print(i, len(lst))
    if len(lst)==0:
        stop_check+=1
    if stop_check>=3:
        print('stop on three empty')

Headers 和 params 来自使用 chrome 开发工具的 web。我还尝试了其他搜索，发现我只能在每个页面上抓取前 9-11 条记录。

我知道有一个 zillow API，但它可以用于一般搜索，如邮政编码中的所有房屋。所以我想尝试网络抓取。

我可以就如何修复我的代码提供一些建议吗？

非常感谢！

Answer 1

你可以试试

import requests
import json

url = 'https://www.zillow.com/search/GetSearchPageState.htm'

headers = {
    'Accept': '*/*',
    'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
    'Accept-Language': 'en-US,en;q=0.9',
    'upgrade-insecure-requests': '1',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.114 Safari/537.36'
}

houses = []
for page in range(1, 3):
    params = {
        "searchQueryState": json.dumps({
            "pagination": {"currentPage": page},
            "usersSearchTerm": "35216",
            "mapBounds": {
                "west": -86.97413567189196,
                "east": -86.57244804982165,
                "south": 33.346263857015515,
                "north": 33.48754107532057
            },
            "mapZoom": 12,
            "regionSelection": [
                {
                    "regionId": 73386, "regionType": 7
                }
            ],
            "isMapVisible": True,
            "filterState": {
                "isAllHomes": {
                    "value": True
                },
                "sortSelection": {
                    "value": "globalrelevanceex"
                }
            },
            "isListVisible": True
        }),
        "wants": json.dumps(
            {
                "cat1": ["listResults", "mapResults"],
                "cat2": ["total"]
            }
        ),
        "requestId": 3
    }

    # send request
    page = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params)

    # get json data
    json_data = page.json()

    # loop via data
    for house in json_data['cat1']['searchResults']['listResults']:
        houses.append(house)


# show data
print('Total houses - {}'.format(len(houses)))

# show info in houses
for house in houses:
    if 'brokerName' in house.keys():
        print('{}: {}'.format(house['brokerName'], house['price']))
    else:
        print('No broker: {}'.format(house['price']))

Total houses - 76
RealtySouth-MB-Crestline: $424,900
eXp Realty, LLC Central: $259,900
ARC Realty Mountain Brook: $849,000
Ray & Poynor Properties: $499,900
Hinge Realty: $1,550,000
...

附：如果我帮助你，请不要忘记将答案标记为正确:)