如何运行 python 命令来单击页面上的每个链接并提取每个链接的标题、内容和日期？

Question

使用此链接：https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/2000/2000_index.html。我有一个命令可以单击页面上的每个链接并取出所有数据，但我想将其转换为 csv 文件，因此需要运行三个不同的命令来获取标题、段落和日期页面上每篇文章的名称（以便它们可以成为 excel 表中的列）。我遇到了困难，因为这个页面没有'class'或'id'。任何建议都会非常有帮助。

这是我当前的代码：

    url = 'https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/2000/2000_index.html'
    soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(url).content, 'html.parser')

    for a in soup.select('td[width="580"] img + a')[400:]:
    u = 'https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/2000/' + a['href'] 
    print(u)
    s = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(u).content, 'html.parser')
    t = s.select_one('td[width="580"], td[width="600"], table[width="580"]:has(td[colspan="2"])').get_text(strip=True, separator='\n')
    print( t.split('[end of document]')[0] )
    print('-' * 80)

Answer 1

您可以使用此脚本将数据保存为 CSV：

import requests
import pandas as pd
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


url = 'https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/2000/2000_index.html'
soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(url).content, 'html.parser')

all_data = []
for a in soup.select('td[width="580"] img + a'):
    date = a.text.strip(':')
    title = a.find_next_sibling(text=True).strip(': ')   
    u = 'https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/2000/' + a['href'] 
    print(u)
    s = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(u).content, 'html.parser')
    t = s.select_one('td[width="580"], td[width="600"], table[width="580"]:has(td[colspan="2"])').get_text(strip=True, separator='\n')
    content = t.split('[end of document]')[0]
    print(date, title, content)
    all_data.append({
        'url': u,
        'date': date,
        'title': title,
        'content': content
    })
    print('-' * 80)

df = pd.DataFrame(all_data)
df.to_csv('data.csv', index=False)
print(df)

打印：

...

                                                   url  ...                                            content
0    https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Statement by Philip T. Reeker, Deputy Spokesma...
1    https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Media Note\nDecember 26, 2000\nRenewal of the ...
2    https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Statement by Philip T. Reeker, Deputy Spokesma...
3    https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Notice to the Press\nDecember 21, 2000\nMeetin...
4    https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Statement by Philip T. Reeker, Deputy Spokesma...
..                                                 ...  ...                                                ...
761  https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Press Statement by James P. Rubin, Deputy Spok...
762  https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Press Statement by James P. Rubin, Spokesman\n...
763  https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Notice to the Press\nJanuary 6, 2000\nAssistan...
764  https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Press Statement by James P. Rubin, Spokesman\n...
765  https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statemen...  ...  Press Statement by James P. Rubin, Spokesman\n...

[766 rows x 4 columns]

并保存data.csv（来自 LibreOffice 的屏幕截图）：

---

编辑：1998 年：

import requests
import pandas as pd
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


url = 'https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/1998/1998_index.html'
soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(url).content, 'html.parser')

all_data = []
for a in soup.select('td[width="580"] img + a, blockquote img + a'):
    date = a.text.strip(':')
    title = a.find_next_sibling(text=True).strip(': ')   
    u = 'https://1997-2001.state.gov/briefings/statements/1998/' + a['href'] 
    print(u)
    s = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(u).content, 'html.parser')
    if not s.body:
        continue
    t = s.select_one('td[width="580"], td[width="600"], table[width="580"]:has(td[colspan="2"]), blockquote, body').get_text(strip=True, separator='\n')
    content = t.split('[end of document]')[0]
    print(date, title, content)
    all_data.append({
        'url': u,
        'date': date,
        'title': title,
        'content': content
    })
    print('-' * 80)

df = pd.DataFrame(all_data)
df.to_csv('data.csv', index=False)
print(df)