Python 脚本从输入文件中提取字符串并以 csv 格式输出

Question

我正在编写一个 python 脚本来从文件中 grep 字符串并以以下格式在 csv 文件中显示输出

enter image description here

enter image description here

输入文件（result_EPFT_config_device）：

Hostname SIM-MPL-LTE-PE-RTR-134
loopback 22.13.7.34
lpts punt excessive-flow-trap
penalty-rate arp 10
penalty-rate icmp 50
penalty-rate igmp 50
penalty-rate ip 100
exclude interface Bundle-Ether6
exclude interface Bundle-Ether8
exclude interface Bundle-Ether15
exclude interface Bundle-Ether16
exclude interface Bundle-Ether53
exclude interface TenGigE0/0/1/1
exclude interface TenGigE0/1/1/0
exclude interface Bundle-Ether6.2
exclude interface Bundle-Ether6.4
exclude interface Bundle-Ether8.2
exclude interface Bundle-Ether8.4
exclude interface Bundle-Ether16.2
exclude interface Bundle-Ether16.4
exclude interface Bundle-Ether53.2
exclude interface TenGigE0/0/1/3.100
exclude interface TenGigE0/0/1/3.102
exclude interface TenGigE0/0/1/3.103
exclude interface TenGigE0/0/1/3.104
exclude interface TenGigE0/1/1/0.100
exclude interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/1
exclude interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/6
exclude interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/9
dampening.
non-subscriber-interfaces
report-threshold 10

下面是我目前准备的python脚本。只能grep字符串并打印出来

import sys
import telnetlib
import os
import subprocess
import re
import csv

fh = open("result_EPFT_config_device", "r")
fh1 = open("testingAjay", "w+")
line = fh.readlines()
for lines in line:
        if re.search("(lpts punt excessive-flow-trap)", lines):
                m =  (lines.split(' '))
                print m[0], m[1], m[2]
        if re.search("(penalty-rate arp)", lines):
                n =  (lines.split(' '))
                print n[0], n[1], n[2]
        if re.search("(penalty-rate icmp)", lines):
                a =  (lines.split(' '))
                print a[0], a[1], a[2]
        if re.search("(penalty-rate igmp)", lines):
                b =  (lines.split(' '))
                print b[0], b[1], b[2]
        if re.search("(penalty-rate ip)", lines):
                c =  (lines.split(' '))
                print c[0], c[1], c[2]
        if re.search("(dampening)", lines):
                c =  (lines.split(' '))
                print c[0]
        if re.search("(non-subscriber-interfaces)", lines):
                c =  (lines.split('-'))
                print c[0], c[1], c[2]
        if re.search("(report-threshold 10)", lines):
                c =  (lines.split(' '))
                print c[0], c[1]

我的脚本输出：

lpts punt excessive-flow-trap
penalty-rate arp 10
penalty-rate icmp 50
penalty-rate igmp 50
penalty-rate ip 100
dampening.
non subscriber interfaces

report-threshold 10

现在我想把输出放在 csv 文件中，如下所示

enter image description here

Hostname|loopback|lpts punt excessive-flow-trap|penalty-rate arp|penalty-rate icmp|penalty-rate igmp|penalty-rate ip|dampening|non-subscriber-interfaces|report-threshold
SIM-MPL-LTE-PE-RTR-134|1.1.1.1|yes|10|50|50|100|Yes|Yes|10
NDL-MPL-PE-RTR-195|2.2.2.2|No|No|No|20|50|NO|20Yes

如上图所示，列lpt spunt overflow trap如果存在于输入文件中，则必须标记为YES，否则标记为NO。 阻尼列和非订阅者界面列

需要类似的逻辑

你能帮我实现如上所示的csv格式的require输出

Answer 1

我们来了！因此，正如上面的评论所说，您可以只使用“startswith”而不是正则表达式来匹配行。

我在这里使用了 python3 而不是 python2。

如果您在使用“python3 main.py”的目录中运行它，它将在“inputs”子目录中搜索所有要解析的文件。

然后我们为每个文件构建一个包含相关字段的字典并加载它们的值。我们将这些字典添加到列表中。最后，我们只需将标题写入 csv，然后遍历行并写入值。您可能可以在读取文件时写入行，但我发现在心理上分离解析和输出更清晰。

我将您的“for line in line”的顺序更改为“for line in lines”，因为您想遍历行中的每一行。

import os
import csv

def parseFile(fileName):

    # We are using a dictionary to store info for each file
    data = dict()

    # Set all Yes/Nos to NO by default
    data["lpts punt excessive-flow-trap"] = "NO"
    data["dampening"] = "NO"
    data["non-subscriber-interfaces"] = "NO"

    fh = open(fileName, "r")
    lines = fh.readlines()
    for line in lines:

        # We need this so we don't end up with newline characters in our CSV
        line = line.rstrip("\n")

        # We dont need regular expressions here as matching whole line
        # Do YES/NO first
        if line == "lpts punt excessive-flow-trap":
            data["lpts punt excessive-flow-trap"] = "YES"
            continue;

        if line == "dampening":
            data["dampening."] = "YES"
            continue;

        if line == "non-subscriber-interfaces":
            data["non-subscriber-interfaces"] = "YES"
            continue;

        # Now do the rest
        if line.startswith("Hostname"):
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["Hostname"] = splitted[1]
            continue;

        if line.startswith("loopback"):
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["loopback"] = splitted[1]
            continue;

        if line.startswith("penalty-rate arp"):
            print("ARP")
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["penalty-rate arp"] = splitted[2]
            continue;

        if line.startswith("penalty-rate icmp"):
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["penalty-rate icmp"] = splitted[2]
            continue;

        if line.startswith("penalty-rate igmp"):
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["penalty-rate igmp"] = splitted[2]
            continue;

        if line.startswith("penalty-rate ip"):
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["penalty-rate ip"] = splitted[2]
            continue;

        if line.startswith("report-threshold"):
            splitted = line.split(' ')
            data["report-threshold"] = splitted[1]
            continue;

    return data


if __name__ == "__main__":
    inputsDirectory = "inputs"
    path = os.path.abspath(inputsDirectory)
    fileList = ["{}/{}".format(path,x) for x in os.listdir(inputsDirectory)]
    print(fileList)

    # Load Each File and Build Dictionary
    csvRows = []
    for file in fileList:
        newRow = parseFile(file)
        csvRows.append(newRow)

    print(csvRows)

    # Output CSV using dictionaries for each file
    outputFile = "output.csv"
    with open(outputFile, 'w') as csvfile:
        fieldnames = ["Hostname",
                      "loopback",
                      "lpts punt excessive-flow-trap",
                      "penalty-rate arp",
                      "penalty-rate icmp",
                      "penalty-rate igmp",
                      "penalty-rate ip",
                      "dampening",
                      "non-subscriber-interfaces",
                      "report-threshold"]
        writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)

        writer.writeheader()
        for row in csvRows:
            writer.writerow(row)