分裂 Selenium Phantomjs 驱动程序在实例化时失败

Question

我正在尝试使用 Python + Splinter + Selenium + PhantomJS 进行基本测试，但我无法启动 phantomjs 浏览器。 （Chrome 和 Firefox 驱动程序工作正常。）当我运行时：

from splinter import Browser

b = Browser('phantomjs')

我得到错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/splinter/browser.py", line 63, in Browser
    return driver(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/splinter/driver/webdriver/phantomjs.py", line 32, in __init__
    self.driver = PhantomJS(desired_capabilities=capabilities, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/phantomjs/webdriver.py", line 56, in __init__
    desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 87, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 141, in start_session
    'desiredCapabilities': desired_capabilities,
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 199, in execute
    response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 395, in execute
    return self._request(command_info[0], url, body=data)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 463, in _request
    resp = opener.open(request, timeout=self._timeout)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 431, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 449, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1227, in http_open
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1197, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 8] nodename nor servname provided, or not known>

另外，当我跑步时：

from selenium import webdriver

d = webdriver.PhantomJS()

我得到了基本相同的错误。

看起来 PhantomJS 正在使用 Remote 驱动程序连接到远程服务器，但 splinter 没有启动 selenium(?) 服务器供 PhantomJS 连接。我不介意进入 splinter(?) 的源代码并更改一些内容以使其工作。但是，我无法确定什么可以解决这个问题。

或者，我是否需要手动启动服务器以供 PhantomJS 连接？

（作为参考，Ruby + Cucumber + Capybara + Poltergeist 在我的盒子上运行良好。） 这是我的软件的配置。

$ python --version
Python 2.7.10

$ pip show splinter | grep Version
Metadata-Version: 1.1
Version: 0.7.3

$ pip show selenium | grep Version
Metadata-Version: 2.0
Version: 2.47.3

$ phantomjs -v
2.0.0

$ sw_vers
ProductName:    Mac OS X
ProductVersion: 10.10.5
BuildVersion:   14F27

Answer 1

只想分享phantomjs + splinter 在我的机器上与以下配置完美配合：

~ $ python --version
Python 2.7.11

~ $ pip show splinter | grep Version
Metadata-Version: 1.1
Version: 0.7.3

~ $ pip show selenium | grep Version
Metadata-Version: 2.0
Version: 2.47.3

~ $ phantomjs -v
2.0.0

~ $ sw_vers
ProductName:    Mac OS X
ProductVersion: 10.11
BuildVersion:   15A284

Answer 2

我有同样的错误。然后我检查我的 /etc/hosts 并删除不必要的 localhost 别名。所有的工作。 检查你的 /etc/hosts