具有给定 THROWS ERROR geckodriver 可执行文件的二进制路径的 TOR Selenium Python 需要在 PATH 中

Question

我正在查看 this excellent answer 并复制了 MacOS 的代码（答案的顶部，为方便起见也在下面复制）。

import os    # Code from answer linked above
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium import webdriver


# path to the firefox binary inside the Tor package
binary = '/Applications/TorBrowser.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox'
if os.path.exists(binary) is False:
    raise ValueError("The binary path to Tor firefox does not exist.")
firefox_binary = FirefoxBinary(binary)


browser = None
def get_browser(binary=None):
    global browser  
    # only one instance of a browser opens, remove global for multiple instances
    if not browser: 
        browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)
    return browser

if __name__ == "__main__":
    browser = get_browser(binary=firefox_binary)
    urls = (
        ('tor browser check', 'https://check.torproject.org/'),
        ('ip checker', 'http://icanhazip.com')
    )
    for url_name, url in urls:
        print "getting", url_name, "at", url
        browser.get(url)

我不断收到以下错误。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "torselenium.py", line 22, in <module>
    browser = get_browser(binary=firefox_binary)
  File "torselenium.py", line 18, in get_browser
    browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)
  File "/Users/user/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 164, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "/Users/user/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 83, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH. 

这个错误和this question中描述的错误非常相似，这里建议设置一个firefox_binary路径。然而我已经完成了这项工作并验证了（下面的验证证明）在该路径上有一个 firefox 二进制文件。

$ ls /Applications/TorBrowser.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox
/Applications/TorBrowser.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox

事实上，如果我将二进制路径（第 7 行）设置为'~/Applications/TorBrowser.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox'，它会给我ValueError，所以那里肯定有一个二进制文件。

我也是checked if I have execute permissions，我这样做了，我尝试将browser从全局变量更改为局部变量，但没有帮助。

我该如何解决这个错误？

Answer 1

看来你已经够近了。使用selenium3 通过Selenium 驱动GeckoDriver 启动Mozilla Firefox 浏览上下文，您必须下载最新的GeckoDriver v0.26.0 并将其存储在您的系统中并提及绝对路径 同时启动 Web 浏览器 会话，如下所示：

browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary, executable_path='/usr/local/bin/geckodriver')

您可以在How to connect to Tor browser using Python找到详细讨论

---

参考文献

您可以在 WebDriverException: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH 中找到一些相关讨论：

• WebDriverException: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH even though it is
• selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH with GeckoDriver Selenium Firefox
• Python 3.5 - “Geckodriver executable needs to be in PATH”

Answer 2

这对我有用

from webdriver_manager.firefox import GeckoDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile import FirefoxProfile 
    
driver = webdriver.Firefox(
                executable_path=GeckoDriverManager().install(),
                firefox_profile= FirefoxProfile(R"C:\Users\Usuario\Desktop\TorBrowser\Browser\TorBrowser\Data\Browser\profile.default"),
                firefox_binary=FirefoxBinary(R'C:\Users\Usuario\Desktop\TorBrowser\Browser\firefox.exe')
            )
driver.get("https://google.com")

我必须使用二进制文件，配置 GeckoDriverManager 库