在 Tensorflow2 中将图形冻结为 pb

Question

我们从 TF1 部署了很多模型，通过图形冻结来保存它们：

tf.train.write_graph(self.session.graph_def, some_path)

# get graph definitions with weights
output_graph_def = tf.graph_util.convert_variables_to_constants(
        self.session,  # The session is used to retrieve the weights
        self.session.graph.as_graph_def(),  # The graph_def is used to retrieve the nodes
        output_nodes,  # The output node names are used to select the usefull nodes
)

# optimize graph
if optimize:
    output_graph_def = optimize_for_inference_lib.optimize_for_inference(
            output_graph_def, input_nodes, output_nodes, tf.float32.as_datatype_enum
    )

with open(path, "wb") as f:
    f.write(output_graph_def.SerializeToString())

然后通过加载它们：

with tf.Graph().as_default() as graph:
    with graph.device("/" + args[name].processing_unit):
        tf.import_graph_def(graph_def, name="")
            for key, value in inputs.items():
                self.input[key] = graph.get_tensor_by_name(value + ":0")

我们希望以类似的方式保存 TF2 模型。一个包含图形和权重的 protobuf 文件。我怎样才能做到这一点？

我知道有一些保存方法：

• keras.experimental.export_saved_model(model, 'path_to_saved_model')

  这是实验性的，会创建多个文件 :(.

• model.save('path_to_my_model.h5')

  哪个保存h5格式:(.

• tf.saved_model.save(self.model, "test_x_model")

  这又保存了多个文件:(。

Answer 1

我目前的做法是 TF2 -> SavedModel（通过keras.experimental.export_saved_model）-> frozen_graph.pb（通过freeze_graph 工具，可以将SavedModel 作为输入）。我不知道这是否是“推荐”的方式。

另外，我仍然不知道如何加载冻结的模型并“以 TF2 方式”运行推理（也就是没有图表、会话等）。

你也可以看看keras.save_model('path', save_format='tf')，它似乎会生成检查点文件（不过你仍然需要冻结它们，所以我个人认为保存的模型路径更好）

Answer 2

我使用 TF2 转换模型如下：

1. 在训练时将keras.callbacks.ModelCheckpoint(save_weights_only=True) 传递给model.fit 并保存checkpoint；
2. 训练后，self.model.load_weights(self.checkpoint_path)加载checkpoint，并转换为h5：self.model.save(h5_path, overwrite=True, include_optimizer=False)；
3. 将h5转换为pb：

import logging
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.compat.v1 import graph_util
from tensorflow.python.keras import backend as K
from tensorflow import keras

# necessary !!!
tf.compat.v1.disable_eager_execution()

h5_path = '/path/to/model.h5'
model = keras.models.load_model(h5_path)
model.summary()
# save pb
with K.get_session() as sess:
    output_names = [out.op.name for out in model.outputs]
    input_graph_def = sess.graph.as_graph_def()
    for node in input_graph_def.node:
        node.device = ""
    graph = graph_util.remove_training_nodes(input_graph_def)
    graph_frozen = graph_util.convert_variables_to_constants(sess, graph, output_names)
    tf.io.write_graph(graph_frozen, '/path/to/pb/model.pb', as_text=False)
logging.info("save pb successfully！")

Answer 3

上面的代码有点老了。转换vgg16可以成功，但是转换resnet_v2_50模型失败。我的 tf 版本是 tf 2.2.0 最后，我找到了一个有用的代码sn -p：

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.python.framework.convert_to_constants import     convert_variables_to_constants_v2
import numpy as np


#set resnet50_v2 as a example
model = tf.keras.applications.ResNet50V2()
 
full_model = tf.function(lambda x: model(x))
full_model = full_model.get_concrete_function(
    tf.TensorSpec(model.inputs[0].shape, model.inputs[0].dtype))

# Get frozen ConcreteFunction
frozen_func = convert_variables_to_constants_v2(full_model)
frozen_func.graph.as_graph_def()
 
layers = [op.name for op in frozen_func.graph.get_operations()]
print("-" * 50)
print("Frozen model layers: ")
for layer in layers:
    print(layer)
 
print("-" * 50)
print("Frozen model inputs: ")
print(frozen_func.inputs)
print("Frozen model outputs: ")
print(frozen_func.outputs)
 
# Save frozen graph from frozen ConcreteFunction to hard drive
tf.io.write_graph(graph_or_graph_def=frozen_func.graph,
                  logdir="./frozen_models",
                  name="frozen_graph.pb",
                  as_text=False)

参考：https://github.com/leimao/Frozen_Graph_TensorFlow/tree/master/TensorFlow_v2（更新）

Answer 4

我遇到了类似的问题，并在下面找到了解决方案，即

• 最初由 dkurt@github 在https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/16879 发布
• 为 MLP MNIST 分类问题编写
• 这是针对 tensorflow 2.x 的

from tensorflow.python.framework.convert_to_constants import convert_variables_to_constants_v2
from tensorflow.python.tools import optimize_for_inference_lib

loaded = tf.saved_model.load('models/mnist_test')
infer = loaded.signatures['serving_default']
f = tf.function(infer).get_concrete_function(
                            flatten_input=tf.TensorSpec(shape=[None, 28, 28, 1], 
                                                        dtype=tf.float32)) # change this line for your own inputs
f2 = convert_variables_to_constants_v2(f)
graph_def = f2.graph.as_graph_def()
if optimize :
    # Remove NoOp nodes
    for i in reversed(range(len(graph_def.node))):
        if graph_def.node[i].op == 'NoOp':
            del graph_def.node[i]
    for node in graph_def.node:
        for i in reversed(range(len(node.input))):
            if node.input[i][0] == '^':
                del node.input[i]
    # Parse graph's inputs/outputs
    graph_inputs = [x.name.rsplit(':')[0] for x in frozen_func.inputs]
    graph_outputs = [x.name.rsplit(':')[0] for x in frozen_func.outputs]
    graph_def = optimize_for_inference_lib.optimize_for_inference(graph_def,
                                                                  graph_inputs,
                                                                  graph_outputs,
                                                                  tf.float32.as_datatype_enum)
# Export frozen graph
with tf.io.gfile.GFile('optimized_graph.pb', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(graph_def.SerializeToString())