【发布时间】:2019-01-30 08:06:02
【问题描述】:
我的任务是根据缺陷对种子进行分类。我在 7 个班级中有大约 14k 张图片(它们的大小不相等,有些班级的照片更多,有些班级的照片更少)。我尝试从头开始训练 Inception V3,我的准确率约为 90%。然后我尝试使用带有 ImageNet 权重的预训练模型进行迁移学习。我从applications 导入了inception_v3,没有顶层fc 层,然后在文档中添加了我自己的like。我以以下代码结束:
# Setting dimensions
img_width = 454
img_height = 227
###########################
# PART 1 - Creating Model #
###########################
# Creating InceptionV3 model without Fully-Connected layers
base_model = InceptionV3(weights='imagenet', include_top=False, input_shape = (img_height, img_width, 3))
# Adding layers which will be fine-tunned
x = base_model.output
x = GlobalAveragePooling2D()(x)
x = Dense(1024, activation='relu')(x)
predictions = Dense(7, activation='softmax')(x)
# Creating final model
model = Model(inputs=base_model.input, outputs=predictions)
# Plotting model
plot_model(model, to_file='inceptionV3.png')
# Freezing Convolutional layers
for layer in base_model.layers:
layer.trainable = False
# Summarizing layers
print(model.summary())
# Compiling the CNN
model.compile(optimizer = 'adam', loss = 'categorical_crossentropy', metrics = ['accuracy'])
##############################################
# PART 2 - Images Preproccessing and Fitting #
##############################################
# Fitting the CNN to the images
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale = 1./255,
rotation_range=30,
width_shift_range=0.2,
height_shift_range=0.2,
shear_range = 0.2,
zoom_range = 0.2,
horizontal_flip = True,
preprocessing_function=preprocess_input,)
valid_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale = 1./255,
preprocessing_function=preprocess_input,)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory("dataset/training_set",
target_size=(img_height, img_width),
batch_size = 4,
class_mode = "categorical",
shuffle = True,
seed = 42)
valid_generator = valid_datagen.flow_from_directory("dataset/validation_set",
target_size=(img_height, img_width),
batch_size = 4,
class_mode = "categorical",
shuffle = True,
seed = 42)
STEP_SIZE_TRAIN = train_generator.n//train_generator.batch_size
STEP_SIZE_VALID = valid_generator.n//valid_generator.batch_size
# Save the model according to the conditions
checkpoint = ModelCheckpoint("inception_v3_1.h5", monitor='val_acc', verbose=1, save_best_only=True, save_weights_only=False, mode='auto', period=1)
early = EarlyStopping(monitor='val_acc', min_delta=0, patience=10, verbose=1, mode='auto')
#Training the model
history = model.fit_generator(generator=train_generator,
steps_per_epoch=STEP_SIZE_TRAIN,
validation_data=valid_generator,
validation_steps=STEP_SIZE_VALID,
epochs=25,
callbacks = [checkpoint, early])
但我得到了糟糕的结果:45% 的准确率。我认为它应该更好。我有一些假设可能会出错:
- 我从头开始对缩放图像 (299x299) 和迁移学习时的非缩放图像 (227x454) 进行了训练,但它失败了(或者我的尺寸顺序失败了)。
- 在迁移学习时我使用了
preprocessing_function=preprocess_input(在网上找到一篇文章说它非常重要,所以我决定添加它)。 - 添加了
rotation_range=30、width_shift_range=0.2、height_shift_range=0.2和horizontal_flip = True,同时迁移学习以进一步增强数据。 - 也许 Adam 优化器是个坏主意?例如,我应该尝试 RMSprop 吗?
- 我是否也应该使用小学习率的 SGD 微调一些卷积层?
还是我失败了?
编辑:我发布了一个训练历史图。也许它包含有价值的信息:
EDIT2:随着InceptionV3参数的变化:
VGG16 对比:
【问题讨论】:
-
你用过的
preprocess_input函数是什么? -
哦,对不起。即:from keras.applications.inception_v3 import InceptionV3, preprocess_input
-
你在从头训练 inception 的时候也用过吗?
-
不,我没有。现在我正在尝试在没有它的情况下进行训练
标签: python tensorflow machine-learning keras transfer-learning