如果您要绘制的点不止几个,这里有一个技巧。我必须绘制 >500000 个点,而 shapely 解决方案不能很好地扩展。我还想绘制一个不同于圆形的形状。我选择使用alpha=1 分别绘制每一层,然后使用np.frombuffer 读取生成的图像(如here 所述),然后将alpha 添加到整个图像并使用plt.imshow 绘制叠加层。请注意,此解决方案丧失了对原始 fig 对象和属性的访问权,因此应在绘制之前对图形进行任何其他修改。
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
def arr_from_fig(fig):
canvas = FigureCanvas(fig)
canvas.draw()
img = np.frombuffer(fig.canvas.tostring_rgb(), dtype=np.uint8)
img = img.reshape(fig.canvas.get_width_height()[::-1] + (3,))
return img
def points(n=100):
x = np.random.uniform(size=n)
y = np.random.uniform(size=n)
return x, y
x1, y1 = points()
x2, y2 = points()
imgs = list()
figsize = (4, 4)
dpi = 200
for x, y, c in zip([x1, x2], [y1, y2], ['blue', 'red']):
fig = plt.figure(figsize=figsize, dpi=dpi, tight_layout={'pad':0})
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.scatter(x, y, s=100, color=c, alpha=1)
ax.axis([-0.2, 1.2, -0.2, 1.2])
ax.axis('off')
imgs.append(arr_from_fig(fig))
plt.close()
fig = plt.figure(figsize=figsize)
alpha = 0.5
alpha_scaled = 255*alpha
for img in imgs:
img_alpha = np.where((img == 255).all(-1), 0, alpha_scaled).reshape([*img.shape[:2], 1])
img_show = np.concatenate([img, img_alpha], axis=-1).astype(int)
plt.imshow(img_show, origin='lower')
ticklabels = ['{:03.1f}'.format(i) for i in np.linspace(-0.2, 1.2, 8, dtype=np.float16)]
plt.xticks(ticks=np.linspace(0, dpi*figsize[0], 8), labels=ticklabels)
plt.yticks(ticks=np.linspace(0, dpi*figsize[1], 8), labels=ticklabels);
plt.title('Test scatter');