【发布时间】:2015-06-26 11:47:32
【问题描述】:
考虑以下 Swift 代码。
var a = [(1, 1)]
if contains(a, (1, 2)) {
println("Yes")
}
我只需要检查a 是否包含元组,但代码会导致错误。
找不到接受参数列表的“包含”的重载 类型为'([(Int, Int)], (Int, Int))'
为什么会这样以及如何正确使用contains?
【问题讨论】:
考虑以下 Swift 代码。
var a = [(1, 1)]
if contains(a, (1, 2)) {
println("Yes")
}
我只需要检查a 是否包含元组,但代码会导致错误。
找不到接受参数列表的“包含”的重载 类型为'([(Int, Int)], (Int, Int))'
为什么会这样以及如何正确使用contains?
【问题讨论】:
您可以使用谓词并检查是否相等:
let tuples = [(1, 1), (0, 1)]
let tuple1 = (1, 2)
let tuple2 = (0, 1)
if tuples.contains(where: {$0 == tuple1}) {
print(true)
} else {
print(false) // false
}
if tuples.contains(where: {$0 == tuple2}) {
print(true) // true
} else {
print(false)
}
您还可以创建自己的包含通用元组的方法:
extension Sequence {
func contains<T, U>(_ tuple: (T, U)) -> Bool where T: Equatable, U: Equatable, Element == (T,U) {
contains { $0 == tuple }
}
func contains<T, U, V>(_ tuple: (T, U, V)) -> Bool where T: Equatable, U: Equatable, V: Equatable, Element == (T,U,V) {
contains { $0 == tuple }
}
func contains<T, U, V, W>(_ tuple: (T, U, V, W)) -> Bool where T: Equatable, U: Equatable, V: Equatable, W: Equatable,Element == (T, U, V, W) {
contains { $0 == tuple }
}
func contains<T, U, V, W, X>(_ tuple: (T, U, V, W, X)) -> Bool where T: Equatable, U: Equatable, V: Equatable, W: Equatable, X: Equatable, Element == (T, U, V, W, X) {
contains { $0 == tuple }
}
func contains<T, U, V, W, X, Y>(_ tuple: (T, U, V, W, X, Y)) -> Bool where T: Equatable, U: Equatable, V: Equatable, W: Equatable, X: Equatable, Y: Equatable, Element == (T, U, V, W, X, Y) {
contains { $0 == tuple }
}
}
if tuples.contains(tuple1) {
print(true)
} else {
print(false) // false
}
if tuples.contains(tuple2) {
print(true) // true
} else {
print(false)
}
【讨论】:
虽然元组不是Equatable,但您无需编写自己的contains 版本,因为contains 的版本需要匹配谓词:
if contains(a, { $0.0 == 1 && $0.1 == 2 }) {
// a contained (1,2)
}
虽然您不能将元组扩展为可相等的,但您可以为元组编写一个 == 的版本,这将使上述代码更简单:
func ==<T: Equatable, U: Equatable>(lhs: (T,U), rhs: (T,U)) -> Bool {
return lhs.0 == rhs.0 && lhs.1 == rhs.1
}
contains(a) { $0 == (1,2) } // returns true
如果能够为元组编写contains 的版本,那将是不错,但是我不认为占位符语法支持它:
编辑:从 Swift 1.2 开始,现在可以编译,因为您可以在占位符约束中使用元组
func contains
<S: SequenceType, T: Equatable, U: Equatable where S.Generator.Element == (T,U)>
(seq: S, x: (T,U)) -> Bool {
return contains(seq) { $0.0 == x.0 && $0.1 == x.1 }
}
let a = [(1,1), (1,2)]
if contains(a, (1,2)) {
println("Yes")
}
【讨论】:
将以下内容添加到您的代码中:
func contains(a:[(Int, Int)], v:(Int,Int)) -> Bool {
let (c1, c2) = v
for (v1, v2) in a { if v1 == c1 && v2 == c2 { return true } }
return false
}
Swift 在元组方面没有那么灵活。它们不符合Equatable 协议。所以你必须定义它或使用上面的函数。
【讨论】:
Equatable 听起来很奇怪,而且不能使用== 来检查两个元组是否相等。
Equatable,因为它们可能包含不相等的类型。选项和数组也是如此,它们可以(并且确实)也有==,但不是Equatable。元组具有额外的复杂性,即无法编写适用于 2 元组、3 元组、n 元组等的通用代码,因此没有为它们定义默认的 ==。
您不能使用contains 方法解决您的问题。 Swift 中也没有嵌入式解决方案。所以你需要自己解决这个问题。
您可以创建一个简单的函数来检查数组中的元组是否与要检查的元组相同:
func checkTuple(tupleToCheck:(Int, Int), theTupleArray:[(Int, Int)]) -> Bool{
//Iterate over your Array of tuples
for arrayObject in theTupleArray{
//If a tuple is the same as your tuple to check, it returns true and ends
if arrayObject.0 == tupleToCheck.1 && arrayObject.1 == tupleToCheck.1 {
return true
}
}
//If no tuple matches, it returns false
return false
}
【讨论】:
这个问题可能太老了,希望有人能得到更多选择的帮助。
您可以使用switch 代替if 条件
var somePoint = [(0, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0), (-2, 2)]
for innerSomePoint in somePoint {
switch innerSomePoint {
case (0, 0):
print("\(innerSomePoint) first and second static")
case (_, 0):
print("\(innerSomePoint) first dynamic second static")
case (0, _):
print("\(innerSomePoint) first static second dynamic")
case (-2...2, -2...2):
print("\(innerSomePoint) both in between values")
default:
print("\(innerSomePoint) Nothing found")
}
}
Also have some more option to do check here from apple doc
somePoint = [(1, 1), (1, -1), (0, 0), (-2, 2)]
for innerSomePoint in somePoint {
switch innerSomePoint {
case let (x, y) where x == y:
print("(\(x), \(y)) is on the line x == y")
case let (x, y) where x == -y:
print("(\(x), \(y)) is on the line x == -y")
case let (x, y):
print("(\(x), \(y)) is just some arbitrary point")
}
}
【讨论】:
斯威夫特 4
将您的代码更改为:
var a = [(1, 1)]
if a.contains(where: { $0 == (1, 2) } ) {
print("Yes")
}
【讨论】: