如何根据elasticsearch中索引字段值（数据）的优先级获取搜索结果

Question

假设我正在搜索关键字“数据结构”，我们有 3 种不同的书籍，包括关键字“数据结构”，它们具有 3 种不同的装订样式（例如平装本、精装本和电子书），并且每种装订样式的 ISBN 都不同。 如果我分别为每本书编制索引，那么我总共得到 9 (3*3) 个索引文档，所有这些都将出现在搜索结果中。 假设我对装订风格有优先权：1-平装本，2-精装本，3-电子书。 因此，根据装订样式的优先级（平装书 1、平装书 2、平装书 3），应该只得出三个结果。 如果没有 Book-2 的平装本，那么结果应该是（Book-1 的平装本、Book-2 的精装本、Book-3 的平装本）。

我的索引文件是：

        "bindingStyle": "HBK3",
        "keywords": "V AMERICAN 30 ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY ANNALS SOCIETY",
        "subjectGroup": "Professional (DRM-Free)",
        "isbn": "9780881634624",
        "imprint": "Routledge",
        "edition": 1,
        "subjectGroupCode": "150",
        "originator": [
            {
                "role": "HG",
                "name": "Lois T. Flaherty",
                "id": 2808300
            }
        ],
        "title": "Adolescent Psychiatry, V. 30",
        "reviewsForExport": null,
        "features": null,
        "cpdClassification": false,
        "titleNotTokenized": false,
        "id": 74300,
        "recentBooks": true,
        "relatedBindings": [
            "9781138005921",
            "9780203837597"
        ],
        "sku": "ER9247",
        "publicationDate": 1191369600000,
        "backCoverCopy": "<P>Lois T Flaherty, M.D., is a child and adolescent psychiatrist on the teaching faculty of Harvard University and the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A past president of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry and a consultant to the Center for School Mental Health Assistance in Baltimore, Dr. Flaherty remains active in school-based mental health programs and community psychiatry.</P>",
        "hdclassification": false,
        "countryRestriction": [],
        "shortDescription": "The period of adolescence can be a time of great creativity, as new intellectual capacities emerge, and as the individual adolescent attempts to make sense out of inner and outer experience. Volume 30 of Adolescent Psychiatry addresses the ways in which adolescent experience is transmuted into ",
        "pdClassification": false,
        "bestSellerStatus": false,
        "application": "UBW",
        "series": [],
        "sortByPublicationDate": 1191369600000,
        "subtitle": "The Annals of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry",
        "gtLastUpdate": 1536932063000,
        "imprintCode": "IMPR",
        "isbn10": "088163462X",
        "category": [
            "SCBE0505",
            "SCBE0545"
        ],
        "inventoryStatusCode": [
            {
                "distributionCenterCode": "USNY",
                "inventoryStatusCode": "LFB"
            },
            {
                "distributionCenterCode": "LOC1",
                "inventoryStatusCode": "LFB"
            },
            {
                "distributionCenterCode": "SING",
                "inventoryStatusCode": "LFB"
            },
            {
                "distributionCenterCode": "USFL",
                "inventoryStatusCode": "LFB"
            },
            {
                "distributionCenterCode": "AUS",
                "inventoryStatusCode": "LFB"
            }
        ]

我写的搜索查询是：

   "query":{ 
      "bool":{ 
         "must":[ 

         ],
         "must_not":[ 
            { 
               "match":{ 
                  "countryRestriction":"US"
               }
            },
            { 
               "match":{ 
                  "inventoryStatusCode":"PLZ"
               }
            },
            { 
               "match":{ 
                  "imprintCode":"IMPGP"
               }
            }
         ],
         "should":[ 
            { 
               "query_string":{ 
                  "query":"Handbook of Bipolar Disorder",
                  "fields":[
                     "title",
                     "subtitle",
                     "isbn",
                     "isbn10",
                     "keywords"
                  ]
               }
            },
            { 
               "nested":{ 
                  "path":"originator",
                  "score_mode":"avg",
                  "query":{ 
                     "query_string":{ 
                        "query":"Handbook of Bipolar Disorder",
                        "fields":[ 
                           "originator.name",
                           "originator.role"
                        ]
                     }
                  }
               }
            },
            { 
               "nested":{ 
                  "path":"series",
                  "score_mode":"avg",
                  "query":{ 
                     "query_string":{ 
                        "query":"Handbook of Bipolar Disorder",
                        "fields":[ 
                           "series.series",
                           "series.seriesCode"
                        ]
                     }
                  }
               }
            }
         ],
         "minimum_should_match": 1,
         "filter":[ 
            { 
               "range":{ 
                  "publicationDate":{ 
                     "gte":-1574400600000
                  }
               }
            },
            { 
               "range":{ 
                  "publicationDate":{ 
                     "lte":1597775400000
                  }
               }
            }
         ]
      }
   },
   "from":0,
   "size":10,
   "sort":[],
   "aggs":{ 

   }
}```

How can I apply priority on bindingStyle so that It will reject all lower priority documents for a Book.

Answer 1

如果可以为不同的绑定样式添加新字段 bindStyleId 例如平装本：1、硬装本：2 和电子书：3。 可以使用Field collapsing 解决问题。 折叠返回每个折叠键的前 1 个排序文档（分组依据） ` 查询

{
   "query": {
                ...... --> your query
            },
   "collapse" : {
                 "field" : "bindStyleId"-->new numeric Id for binding style to enable sort
                },
    "sort": ["bindStyleId"]
}