从另一个类（或文件）调用类的实例上的方法

Question

我有一个名为 Family Members 的类（在文件 family_members.rb 中），其中包含 name、sex、type、role 和 age 等属性

在这个类中，我定义了一个名为parent? 的方法，它检查Family members 类的实例是否属于type parent

代码工作正常，但我想知道是否可以在另一个类中定义 parent? 方法（可能是 superclass 或者只是能够包含该类），因为这会使代码更整洁.

有效的代码（但我想改进）：

#family_members.rb  

class FamilyMembers

      attr_accessor :name, :sex, :status, :age
      def initialize (name, sex, type, role, age)
        @name = name
        @sex = sex
        @type = type
        @role = role
        @age = age
      end

      # Would Like the ability to put this method in another file or class
      def parent?
        parent_or_child = @type
        role = @role
        age = @age
        name = @name

        if parent_or_child == 'Parent'
        then puts "Yes, this family member is a parent; more specifically, a #{role} named #{name} who is #{age} years old."
        else puts  "This family member is not a parent, it`s only a child; more specifically, a #{role} named #{name} who is #{age} years old."
        end
      end

    end

    fm1 = FamilyMembers.new('John','Male', 'Child', "Son" , "27" )
    fm2 = FamilyMembers.new("Bill","Male", "Parent", "Father" , "63" )

    fm1.parent?

我尝试在另一个名为ParentOrChild.rb 的文件中定义该方法，并使用require_relative 将其包含在family_members.rb 的顶部。但是，当我这样做时，错误消息告诉我它无法加载此类文件..

#ParentOrChild.rb

def parent?
  parent_or_child = @type
  role = @role
  age = @age
  name = @name

  if parent_or_child == 'Parent'
  then puts "Yes, this family member is a parent; more specifically, a #{role} named #{name} who is #{age} years old."
  else puts  "This family member is not a parent, it`s only a child; more specifically, a #{role} named #{name} who is #{age} years old."
  end
end

我也尝试在另一个类中定义方法（在文件parent_or_child.rb:

#parent_or_child.rb

class ParentOrChild
  def parent?
    parent_or_child = @type
    role = @role
    age = @age
    name = @name

    if parent_or_child == 'Parent'
    then puts "Yes, this family member is a parent; more specifically, a #{role} named #{name} who is #{age} years old."
    else puts  "This family member is not a parent, it`s only a child; more specifically, a #{role} named #{name} who is #{age} years old."
    end
  end
end

但是当我执行上述操作时，错误告诉我有一个未定义的方法parent?（参考family_members.rb文件。

我使用的是 Ruby 2.0，所以我认为使用 require_relative 而不是 require 是正确的。

任何关于如何做到这一点的建议都会很棒 - 谢谢。

Answer 1

这最初是一条评论，但它也是解决方案，所以我将其添加为答案。

听起来您需要研究继承（或子类）。基本上：

class ParentOrChild < FamilyMembers

这样子类ParentOrChild会继承父类FamilyMembers的方法

附带说明，以问号结尾的方法应该只返回真或假。