添加具有相同键但值元组的变量列表的两个字典的值

Question

我有两个字典 (dict1, dict2) 有 100 个相同的键，但不同的元组列表作为值：

dict1 = {'M1': [(50, 'M'), (4, 'K')], 'N2': [(500, 'N'), (3, 'C'), ( 7, 'K')], 'S3': ...}

dict2 = {'M1': [(46, 'M'), (2, 'K'), (11, 'F')], 'N2': [(400, 'N'), ( 5, 'C')], 'S3': ...}

我想创建一个新字典 (dict3)，如果它们在元组的第一个位置具有相同的字母，则在其中添加值，如果不是，则必须将元组添加到新字典的值中：

dict3 = {'M1': [(96, 'M'), (6, 'K'), (11, 'F')], 'N2': [(900, 'N'), ( 8, 'C'), (7, 'K)], 'S3': ...}

我正在考虑用 python3 做类似的事情（这段代码不起作用）：

dict1 = {'M1': [(50, 'M'), (4, 'K')], 'N2': [(500, 'N'), (3, 'C'), (7, 'K')]}
dict2 = {'M1': [(46, 'M'), (2, 'K'), (11, 'F')], 'N2': [(400, 'N'), (5, 'C')]}
dict3 = {} 
for (val1, key1), (val2, key2) in zip(dict1, dict2): 
    if t1[1]==t2[1] for (t1, t2) in (key1, key2):
        t3_0 = t1[0] + t2[0]
        t3_1 = t1[1]
    elif t1[1] not in t2[1]:
        t3_0 = t1[0]
        t3_1 = t1[1]
    elif t2[1] not in t1[1]
        t3_0 = t2[0]
        t3_1 = t2[1]
    key3 = [(t3_0, t3_1)] 
    # here val1=val2 
    dict3[val1] = key3

非常感谢您的帮助。 谢谢。

Answer 1

可能有几种方法可以做到这一点。一种相对简单的方法是从元组的内部列表中构造字典 - 由于键值对是向后的，因此稍微复杂了一些。

这是一种方法：

from collections import defaultdict

# Here is your test data
dict1 = {'M1': [(50, 'M'), (4, 'K')], 'N2': [(500, 'N'), (3, 'C'), (7, 'K')]}
dict2 = {'M1': [(46, 'M'), (2, 'K'), (11, 'F')], 'N2': [(400, 'N'), (5, 'C')]

# This dictionary will be you output
dict3 = defaultdict(list)


def generate_inner_dict(lst):
    """This helper takes a list of tuples and returns them as a dict"""
    # I used a defaultdict again here because your example doesn't always have
    # the same letters in each list of tuples. This will default to zero!
    inner_dict = defaultdict(int)
    for num, key in lst:
        inner_dict[key] = num  # Note that the key and value are flipped
    
    return inner_dict

# loop over the keys in one dictionary - i'm assuming the outer keys are the same
for key in dict1:
    # use the helper to get two dicts
    vals1 = generate_inner_dict(dict1[key])
    vals2 = generate_inner_dict(dict2[key])

    # loop over the keys...
    for inner_key in vals1:
        value = vals1[inner_key] + vals2[inner_key]  # add them together...
        dict3[key].append((inner_key, value))  # and put them in the dictionary

# I turned the defaultdict back into a dict so it looks more obviously like your example
print(dict(dict3))