如何添加检查字符串中的数字或标点符号的语句

Question

我目前有一个将英语翻译成莫尔斯电码的代码。它工作正常，但我想添加另一个参数，允许程序在输入数字或标点符号时打印###。

translation_table = [["a",".-"],["b","-..."],["c","-.-."],["d","-.."],
["e","."],["f","..-."],["g","--."],["h","...."],
["i",".."],["j",".---"],["k","-.-"],["l",".-.."],
["m","--"],["n","-."],["o","---"],["p",".--."],
["q","--.-"],["r",".-."],["s","..."],["t","-"],
["u","..-"],["v","...-"],["w",".--"],["x","-..-"],
["y","-.--"],["z","--.."]]

word_index = 0
english = input("Enter a sentence to be translated(*** to end): ")
words = list(english)
translated_sentence = ""
while word_index < len(words):
    if english == "***":
        print("Program has ended")
        break
    translation_index = 0
    while translation_index < len(translation_table):
        if translation_table[translation_index][0] == words[word_index]:
           translated_sentence = translated_sentence + translation_table[translation_index][1]
           translation_index = 27
        elif words[word_index] == " ":
            translated_sentence = translated_sentence + "   "
            translation_index = 27
        else :
            translation_index = translation_index + 1

我正在考虑添加另一个类似于

的 elif 行

elif words[word_index][0] == : 
        translated_sentence = translated_sentence + "###"
            translation_index = 27

但我不知道如何让它只检查字符串中的数字和标点符号。例如，hi! 将打印 .....###。 谢谢

Answer 1

这是一个简化版本。我把你的 translation_table list 变成了 dict。我也在使用isalpha() 方法来检查给定的字符是否是字母。

translationDict = {'a':'.-', 'b':'-...', 'c':'-.-.', 'd':'-..', 'e':'.', 
                   'f':'..-.', 'g':'--.', 'h':'....', 'i':'..', 'j':'.---', 
                   'k':'-.-', 'l':'.-..', 'm':'--', 'n':'-.', 'o':'---', 
                   'p':'.--.', 'q':'--.-', 'r':'.-.', 's':'...', 't':'-', 
                   'u':'..-', 'v':'...-', 'w':'.--', 'x':'-..-', 'y':'-.--',
                   'z':'--..'}

english = input('Enter a sentence to be translated: ')  

for character in english:
    if character is ' ':
        print(' ', end='')
    elif character.isalpha():
        print(translationDict[character], end='')
    else:
        print('###', end='')

这是使用列表的类似实现：

translation_table = [["a",".-"],["b","-..."],["c","-.-."],["d","-.."],
                    ["e","."],["f","..-."],["g","--."],["h","...."],
                    ["i",".."],["j",".---"],["k","-.-"],["l",".-.."],
                    ["m","--"],["n","-."],["o","---"],["p",".--."],
                    ["q","--.-"],["r",".-."],["s","..."],["t","-"],
                    ["u","..-"],["v","...-"],["w",".--"],["x","-..-"],
                    ["y","-.--"],["z","--.."]]

english = input('Enter a sentence to be translated: ')  

for character in english:
    if character is ' ':
        print(' ', end='')
    elif character.isalpha():
        for i in translation_table:
            if character in i:
                print(i[1], end ='')
    else:
        print('###', end='')